Focal choroidal excavation in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy

Luk, Franklin T.; Fok, Andrew; Lee, A; Liu, A T W; Lai, Timothy Y. Y.

doi:10.1038/eye.2015.31

Cited by 28 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…(ERM), choroidal neovascularization (CNV), polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease (VKHD), multifocal choroiditis and punctate inner choroidopathy, focal retinochoroiditis, foveoschisis, multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . The FCE is not clearly visible in mono/polychromatic fundus photography, fundus angiography or ophthalmoscopy and it might be only detected using OCT [2][3][4][5] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study including 13 eyes with FCE, Margolis et al demonstrated that FCE associated with CSCR was observed in only one case [2] . In a study, Luk et al reported that FCE was found at 6.0% in patients with CSCR [11] . In our study, we found the frequency of FCE in the CSCR patients as 0.0093% (2/214).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They described three types of the FCE including cone-shaped type having a tethered appearance; bowl-shaped type with RPE irregularity in whole FCE and the mixed type having findings of both cone-shaped and bowl-shaped types [25] . In recent studies on the frequency and associations with FCE, it was found that FCE might be idiopathic or might be associated with especially CSCR, AMD and PCV [5,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . Obata et al demonstrated in a study which 21 eyes with the FCE were retrospectively in reviewed that the cause of the FCE was one case with CSCR and one case with CNV [5] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is considered that FCE could be an embryonic developmental disorder or an acquired pathology. Some authors hypothesize that FCE is a congenital malformation while as others theorize that it might due to the failure of chorioretinal development in the embryonic stage, micro staphyloma, congenital focal choroidal dysplasia, focal choroidal atrophy caused by congenital or acquired choroiditis [2,3,11,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] . Focal choroidal excavation often does not appear in mono/ polychromatic fundus photography, fundus angiography or ophthalmoscopy and it might be only detected using OCT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the FCE is a relatively stationary lesion, it can cause the CNV [6][7][8] . FCE affects Bruch's membrane-RPE-choriocapillaris complex line and photoreceptors [11,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] . The pathogenesis of the FCE is not well defined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Frequency Of Focal Choroidal Excavation Detected By Optical Coherence Tomography

Turgut¹

2017

International Journal of Ophthalmic Research

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involvement were also evaluated as control cases in this study. The medical records of ten patients with FCEs detected by SDOCT were reviewed. The causes, frequency, associated diseases, types, size and shape, associated SDOCT pathologies, SDOCT findings of the FCEs in ten cases were evaluated and commented on. RESULTS: The FCE was detected in ten eyes of ten cases. Of the patients with FCE, 4 (40%) were women and 6 (60%) were men. The ages of patients were ranged between 63 to 76 years (median 66.1 years). Bilateral FCE was not detected. The FCE was detected in one eye with w-AMD (1/368 patients), in two eyes with active CSCR (2/214), in one with AVMD (1/32 patients) and in 5 eyes of the control (idiopathic FCE; 5/228). CONCLUSIONS: FCE may be detected in various macular chorioretinal diseases. However, it should be considered that FCE might be idiopathic. INTRODUCTIONChoroidal excavation is a new optical coherence tomography (OCT) finding firstly described by Jampol et al [1] . Later, it was called focal choroidal excavation (FCE) by Margolis et al [2] . FCE is characterized by focal concavity at the RPE-choriocapillaris line in the choroid in an OCT scan, with a good visual acuity, and normal appearance of the overlying retina. In the FCE cases, there is no history of trauma and current or prior retinal or choroidal vascular or infectious disease [3][4][5] . It is considered that this lesion often remains stable [2][3][4][5] . However, some lesions may be related to the development of CNV [6][7][8] .It has been reported that FCE may occur in various macular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), epiretinal membrane ABSTRACT AIM: To determine the frequency and the causes of focal choroidal excavation (FCE) detected by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT), and to comment on its clinical importance. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this study, 632 eyes of the patients with untreated wet age-related macular degeneration (w-AMD, n = 368), central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR, n = 214), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease (VKHD, n = 3), adult vitelliform macular dystrophy (AVMD, n = 32), Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD, n = 2) and other macular dystrophies and specific maculopathies (n = 13) were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of the FCE. Additionally, 228 unaffected fellow eyes without obvious macular pathology of the cases with unilateral

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Frequency Of Focal Choroidal Excavation Detected By Optical Coherence Tomography

Turgut¹

2017

International Journal of Ophthalmic Research

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Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Fong

Lai

2016

Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Macular Diseases

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Pachychoroid: current concepts on clinical features and pathogenesis

Castro-Navarro

Béhar-Cohen

Chang³

et al. 2020

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose The term “pachychoroid” refers to a newly described phenotype in which functional and structural choroidal changes are thought to play a key pathogenic role in a spectrum of related retinal disorders. A more detailed understanding of how the choroid is involved within this spectrum and a better knowledge of the most relevant clinical signs of the pachychoroid phenotype are important to differentiate these disorders from other retinal conditions. Our objectives are to provide a literature review of pachychoroid and the commonalities that may be present across pathologies included in the spectrum, and to provide details on the examination, monitoring, and management of these disorders. Methods We searched the PubMed web platform to identify relevant studies using the following keywords: pachychoroid, pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy, pachychoroid neovasculopathy, aneurysmal type 1 neovascularization, focal choroidal excavation, peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome, vasculopathy pachysclera, pachychoroid geographic atrophy, and pachydrusen. We selected 157 publications and identified the most important features related to pachychoroid. Results The presence of hypertrophic or congested vessels in the choroid, not thickened choroid per se, under an area of reduced or absent choriocapillaris in the posterior pole seems to be the most salient feature of pachychoroid. However, other qualitative/quantitative features are needed to differentiate the uncomplicated pachychoroid from the pathological pachychoroid clinical spectrum, which may be associated with exudation, neovascularization, and/or retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor atrophy. Conclusions The most salient feature of pachychoroid appears to be the presence of large vessels under an area of reduced or absent choriocapillaris. Knowledge of the features and pathogenesis of the different disorders in the pachychoroid spectrum may assist in the management of patients.

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Focal choroidal excavation in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

The Frequency Of Focal Choroidal Excavation Detected By Optical Coherence Tomography

The Frequency Of Focal Choroidal Excavation Detected By Optical Coherence Tomography

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Pachychoroid: current concepts on clinical features and pathogenesis

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