Foam

Tobis, Michael; Schafer, Chad; Foster, Ian; Jacob, Robert; Anderson, John R.

doi:10.1145/509593.509620

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The Fast Ocean Atmosphere Model (FOAM), version 1.5, is a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM. The atmosphere component is a parallelized version of Community Climate Model 2 (CCM2) developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (United States), with CCM3 additions and improvements (Tobis et al, 1997). The atmosphere runs at R15 resolution (4.5° × 7.5°) with 18 vertical levels.…”

Section: Models and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The atmosphere runs at R15 resolution (4.5° × 7.5°) with 18 vertical levels. The ocean component is a parallel ocean model dynamically similar to the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's (Princeton, New Jersey, USA) Modular Ocean Model (Tobis et al, 1997). Physical and dynamical processes of the ocean are resolved on 24 vertical levels and on a 128 × 128 (1.4° × 2.8°) Mercator grid.…”

Section: Models and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth of subtropical forests in Miocene Europe: The roles of carbon dioxide and Antarctic ice volume

Hamon

Sepulchre

Donnadieu

et al. 2012

Geology

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The middle Miocene is a crucial period for the evolution of apes, and it corresponds to their appearance in Europe. The dispersion of apes was made possible by tectonic changes and the expansion of their habitat, (sub-) tropical forest, in Europe. The context in which the middle Miocene climatic optimum occurred still lacks constraints in terms of atmospheric pCO 2 and ice-sheet volume and extent. Using a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (GCM) and dynamic vegetation model, we investigated the sensitivity of Miocene climate and vegetation to pCO 2 levels and Antarctic ice-sheet confi gurations. Our results indicate that higher than present pCO 2 is necessary to simulate subtropical forest in Western and Central Europe during the middle Miocene, but that a threshold at high pCO 2 makes subtropical forest partly collapse. Moreover, removing ice over Antarctica modifi es oceanic circulation and induces warmer and slightly wetter conditions in Europe, which are consistent with the expansion of subtropical forest. These results suggest that a small East Antarctic Ice Sheet (25% of present-day ice volume) together with higher than present pCO 2 values are in better agreement with available European middle Miocene data.

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Section: Models and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Models and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of subtropical forests in Miocene Europe: The roles of carbon dioxide and Antarctic ice volume

Hamon

Sepulchre

Donnadieu

et al. 2012

Geology

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“…The spatial resolution of the oceanic component is a 128 × 128 Mercator grid (1.4 • × 2.8 • ), with 24 vertical levels. The atmospheric and oceanic components are linked by a coupler, which calculates and interpolates fluxes between the two components (Tobis et al, 1997). FOAMv1.5 compares well with other generalised climate models for present-day climate (Jacob, 1997) and has also proven to be useful in the study of past climates (Poulsen et al, 2001;Donnadieu et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2011;Chaboureau et al, 2012;Hamon et al, 2012;Lefebvre et al, 2012).…”

Section: Model and Experiments Designmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…FOAM version 1.5 is a fully coupled OAGCM (Tobis et al, 1997). The atmospheric component is a parallelised version of Community Climate Model 2 (CCM2) developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), with atmospheric physics upgraded following CCM3 (Tobis et al, 1997). Compared to CCM2, the soil hydrology module of FOAMv1.5 is replaced by a simple bucket model (0.15 m deep).…”

Section: Model and Experiments Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The atmospheric component runs at R15 (4.5 • × 7.5 • ) spatial resolution, with 18 vertical layers. The oceanic component is a parallel ocean model dynamically similar to the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's Modular Ocean Model (MOM) (Tobis et al, 1997). The spatial resolution of the oceanic component is a 128 × 128 Mercator grid (1.4 • × 2.8 • ), with 24 vertical levels.…”

Section: Model and Experiments Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of East-Tethys seaway closure in the middle Miocene climatic transition (ca. 14 Ma)

Hamon¹,

Sepulchre²,

Lefèbvre³

et al. 2013

Preprint

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The middle Miocene climatic transition (MMCT, approximately 14 Ma) is a key period in Cenozoic cooling and cryospheric expansion. Despite it is well documented in isotopic record, the causes of the MMCT are still a matter of debate. Among various hypotheses, some authors suggested that it was linked with the final closure of the East-Tethys seaway and subsequent oceanic circulation reorganisation. The aim of the present study is to quantify the impact of varying East-Tethys seaway depths on middle Miocene ocean and climate, in order to better understand its role in the MMCT.

We present four sensitivity experiments with a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere generalized circulation model. Our results indicate the presence of a warm and salty water source in the northern Indian Ocean when the East-Tethys is deep-open (4000 or 1000 m), which corresponds to the Tethyan Indian Saline Water (TISW) described on the basis of isotopic studies. This water source is absent in the experiments with shallow (250 m) and closed East-Tethys, inducing strong changes in the latitudinal density gradient and ultimately the reinforcement of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). Moreover, when the East-Tethys seaway is shallow or closed, there is a westward water flow in the Gibraltar Strait that strengthens the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) compared to the experiments with deep-open East-Tethys. Our results therefore suggest that the shoaling and final closure of the East-Tethys seaway played a major role in the oceanic circulation reorganisation during the middle Miocene.

The results presented here provide new constraints on the timing of the East-Tethys seaway closure, and particularly indicate that, prior to 14 Ma, a deep-open East-Tethys should have allow the formation of TISW. Moreover, whereas the final closure of this seaway likely played a major role in the MMCT, we suggest that it was not the only driver of the global cooling and Antarctica ice sheet growth. Here, we propose that the initiation of the MMCT may have been an atmospheric pCO₂ drawdown and that the oceanic Changes due to the East-Tethys seaway closure amplified the response of global climate and East-Antarctic Ice Sheet

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Performance of a reconfigured atmospheric general circulation model at low resolution

Wen

Zhou

Wang³

et al. 2007

Adv. Atmos. Sci.

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Foam

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Growth of subtropical forests in Miocene Europe: The roles of carbon dioxide and Antarctic ice volume

Growth of subtropical forests in Miocene Europe: The roles of carbon dioxide and Antarctic ice volume

The role of East-Tethys seaway closure in the middle Miocene climatic transition (ca. 14 Ma)

Performance of a reconfigured atmospheric general circulation model at low resolution

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