FNAC Aided Diagnosis and Categorization of Hepatoblastoma:

Abstract

Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary malignant hepatic tumour of infancy and early childhood. Histologically hepatoblastomas are categorized into pure epithelial and mixed epithelial-mesenchymal types and epithelial type is further subcategorized into pure fetal type, fetal and embryonal type, pure embryonal, and small cell types. This categorization has been shown to have prognostic and therapeutic implication. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is useful in pre-operative diagnosis and categorization in most cases of hepatoblastomas. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain can be helpful to differentiate fetal subtype from embryonal subtype of hepatoblastoma. Here we describe three cases of hepatoblastomas diagnosed and categorized on cytology with subsequent confirmation on histological examination. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:77-82. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Fine‐needle aspiration cytology and cell block in diagnosis and subtyping of hepatoblastoma

“…They also highlighted the importance of cell block preparation and its use in ancillary investigations. Bera et al also described three cases of HBs diagnosed and categorized on cytology which was subsequently confirmed on histological examination …”

Utility of cell block preparation in diagnosis of paediatric abdominal neoplasms

“…Different studies have shown prognostic significance of this categorisation on FNAC/CB with pure foetal type having the best outcome 17 . Immuno‐reactivity for beta‐catenin was seen in all cases of HB and foetal types showed extensive PAS positivity 18 . Beta‐catenin along with its diagnostic utility, has prognostic significance also in HB 18 …”

“…Immuno‐reactivity for beta‐catenin was seen in all cases of HB and foetal types showed extensive PAS positivity 18 . Beta‐catenin along with its diagnostic utility, has prognostic significance also in HB 18 …”

Cytological findings in a case of undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of liver in a child: Report of a case with review of literature

“…Cytology of hepatoblastoma is usually highly cellular, with clusters of liver-like cells with vacuolated cytoplasm in the fetal variety and angulated cytoplasm along with high N:C ratio in the embryonal variety. 6 The cells are usually arranged in small clusters and sometimes acini. The mixed type of hepatoblastoma can have osteoid or chondroid matrix with stromal tissue, mature or immature fibrous tissue and hyaline cartilage.…”

“…Uncommon variants of hepatoblastoma such as small cell undifferentiated hepatoblastoma also need to be distinguished from UES. 6 Small cell undifferentiated hepatoblastoma resembles other round cell tumours with the addition of prominent eosinophilic nucleolus. The tumour cells usually show loss of INI1.…”