fMRI Gradient Echo Imaging With and Without CSF Suppression

Hatfield, G. A.; Steinberg, Joel L.; Kramer, Larry A.; Yeakley, Joel W.; Hankins, Linda L.; Narayana, Ponnada A.

doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(18)31367-3

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, pulsating CSF and large vessels can contribute to inaccurate localization of the activated neurons, and CSF partial-volume effects might influence measured DS/S values. Previous studies have suggested an inversion recovery pulse to reduce effects of CSF pulsations, [5][6][7] and diffusion weighting to minimize largevessel contributions to the observed activation 9 or for the calculation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of protons contributing to the functional signal. 7 The observed decrease in activated volume using IR-EPI relative to the standard pulse sequence, as seen in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To minimize physiological noise as well as partial-volume effects, an inversion pulse can be used. [5][6][7] Another disadvantage with the BOLD technique is that, as it depends on the change of the T 2 * relaxation time, large vessels will contribute significantly to the observed increase in neural activity due to the so-called brain-orvein problem. 8 Obviously this is undesirable, as large vessels are often distal to the site of the true neuronal activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Combined diffusion weighting and CSF suppression in functional MRI

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, EPI pulse sequences with diffusion weighting for reduction of contributions from large vessels and inversion pulses in order to minimize the effects of CSF pulsations and CSF partial volume effects were developed for BOLD contrast investigations in functional MR imaging. One inversion recovery echo-planar imaging (IR-EPI) pulse sequence and one IR-EPI with additional diffusion weighting (DW-IR-EPI) were developed and compared to a standard gradient-echo EPI sequence in a cortical stimulation experiment in nine healthy volunteers. Stimulation of motor cortex was performed using a semi-complex finger-tapping paradigm in seven periods of alternating rest and stimulation. Comparison between the three pulse sequences was made by measuring the activated volume in each subject, as well as by calculating the relative signal increase during stimulation. Due to different baseline signal-to-noise levels in the images generated by the three pulse sequences, artificial noise was added so that the comparative investigation could be performed independently of the noise level. The activated volume was 128 +/- 73 pixels (mean +/- SD) using the standard EPI pulse sequence, 31 +/- 12 pixels using IR-EPI and 15 +/- 13 pixels when DW-IR-EPI was employed. The relative signal increase was 5.7 +/- 1.1% using standard EPI, 11.5 +/- 3.1% using IR-EPI and 9.9 +/- 2.4% using DW-IR-EPI. The activated volume obtained with the addition of extra noise, i.e. at equal S/N, was 70 +/- 50 pixels using the standard EPI, and when using IR-EPI, the activated volume was 28 +/- 13 pixels. At equal S/N, the signal increase was 7.3 +/- 1.4% using standard EPI and 12.0 +/- 3.6% using IR-EPI. In BOLD contrast imaging, a combination of diffusion weighting and inversion recovery appeared to reduce false activation caused by CSF pulsation and blood flow in large vessels.

show abstract