fMRI Functional Connectivity Applied to Adolescent Neurodevelopment

Ernst, Monique; Torrisi, Salvatore; Balderston, Nicholas L.; Grillon, Christian; Hale, Elizabeth

doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112753

Cited by 93 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…Building on this technique, examining task-based functional connectivity may be an important step towards understanding local changes in brain activity during performance of a task by exploring the neural network in which information is shared and integrated in response to different cognitive processes (Ernst, Torrisi, Balderston, Grillon, & Hale, 2015). This study explored the brain’s functional organization associated with SWM using four seeds within the fronto-parietal network: bilateral DLFPC and bilateral PPC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered functional connectivity during spatial working memory in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure

Infante

Moore

Bischoff‐Grethe

et al. 2017

Alcohol

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Individuals prenatally exposed to alcohol often have impaired spatial working memory (SWM). This study examines functional connections of frontal and parietal regions that support SWM in children with and without prenatal alcohol exposure. Children ages 10 to 16 with histories of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure (AE group; n = 18) and controls (CON group; n = 19) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a SWM task. Whole brain task-related functional connectivity of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) seed regions were estimated for each participant using a psychophysiological interaction approach. Children in the AE group were less accurate than children in the CON group when performing the SWM task (p = .008). Positive coupling between bilateral DLPFC seeds and regions within the fronto-parietal network was observed in the CON group, whereas the AE group showed negative connectivity. In contrast to the CON group, the AE group showed positive connectivity between PPC seeds and frontal lobe regions. Across seeds, decreased negative coupling with regions outside the fronto-parietal network (e.g., left middle occipital gyrus) were observed in the AE group relative to the CON group. Functional data clusters were considered significant at p < .05. Overall findings suggest that localized alterations in neural activity, aberrant fronto-parietal network synchrony, and poor coordination of neural responses with regions outside of this network may help explain SWM deficits in individuals with a history of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered functional connectivity during spatial working memory in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure

Infante

Moore

Bischoff‐Grethe

et al. 2017

Alcohol

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“…At the network level, changes in the intrinsic functional connectivity across development have been reported (see review, Ernst et al (2015)). A recent resting state fMRI study revealed that the intrinsic functional connectivity increased between the dorsal caudate nucleus and posterior cingulate cortex from childhood into adulthood.…”

Section: Striatum and Its Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Striatum on the anxiety map: Small detours into adolescence

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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Adolescence is the most sensitive period for the development of pathological anxiety. Moreover, specific neural changes associated with the striatum might be related to adolescent vulnerability to anxiety. Up to now, the study of anxiety has primarily focused on the amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), while the striatum has typically not been considered as part of the anxiety system. This review proposes the addition of the striatum, a complex, multi-component structure, to the anxiety network by underscoring two lines of research. First, the co-occurrence of the adolescent striatal development with the peak vulnerability of adolescents to anxiety disorders might potentially reflect a causal relationship. Second, the recognition of the role of the striatum in fundamental behavioral processes that do affect anxiety supports the putative importance of the striatum in anxiety. These behavioral processes include (1) attention, (2) conditioning/prediction error, and (3) motivation. This review proposes a simplistic schematic representation of the anxiety circuitry that includes the striatum, and aims to promote further work in this direction, as the role of the striatum in shaping an anxiety phenotype during adolescence could have critical implications for understanding and preventing the peak onset of anxiety disorders during this period.

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“…Temporal coherence in spontaneous low-frequency signal fluctuations at rest is hypothesized to reflect a history of co-activation suggesting a functional relationship between regions (Ernst et al, 2015). Several statistical methods have been applied to fcMRI data, including seed-based approaches, (e.g., psychophysiologic interaction), graph analysis techniques on region-to-region connectivity, and independent/principal component analysis (Power et al, 2010), which vary in the degree to which they are hypothesis- or data-driven (Ernst et al, 2015). Seed-based approaches select a small number of regions a priori and assess correlations between fluctuations the signal in these regions and fluctuations in voxels throughout the rest of the brain.…”

Section: Structural and Functional Connectivity Of The Accmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, a transition from local to distributed connectivity takes place, whereby children show greater resting-state connectivity between local regions and adults display a more distributed pattern of long-range connectivity throughout the brain (Power et al, 2010). Furthermore, several distinct neural networks strengthen their connectivity while others weaken across development (Ernst et al, 2015). …”

Section: Typical Development Of Functional Acc Connectivity: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent brain development and depression: A case for the importance of connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex

Lichenstein

Verstynen

Forbes

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

100

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We propose that structural and functional connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) represents a critical component of adolescent developmental psychopathology. We hypothesize that connectivity of the ACC, a hub for integrating cognitive, affective, and social information to guide self-regulation across domains, supports adaptive development of self-regulation during adolescence and that, conversely, disrupted maturation of ACC connectivity contributes to the development of depression. To integrate findings on typical development, we report results of a meta-analysis of diffusion imaging findings of typical adolescent development of the cingulum and anterior thalamic radiation, the tracts most relevant to ACC connectivity, and provide a critical review of the literature on ACC functional connectivity. Finally, we review the evidence for altered structural and functional connectivity in adolescents with depression. Although the evidence for our claim is persuasive, a more comprehensive understanding of the ACC’s role depends upon future investigations with sophisticated modeling of networks, prospective and longitudinal designs, and examination of structure-function associations.

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fMRI Functional Connectivity Applied to Adolescent Neurodevelopment

Cited by 93 publications

References 95 publications

Altered functional connectivity during spatial working memory in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure

Altered functional connectivity during spatial working memory in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure

Striatum on the anxiety map: Small detours into adolescence

Adolescent brain development and depression: A case for the importance of connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex

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