Flying UltraSonic – A new way to measure the wind

Hofsäß, Martin; Bergmann, Dominique Paul; Denzel, Jan; Cheng, Po Wen

doi:10.5194/wes-2019-81

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This site has been the subject of many coordinated studies [16,[18][19][20]. A small remotely-piloted aircraft was used to measure the flow conditions [18].…”

Section: Local Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing the Uncertainty of Lidar Measurements in Complex Terrain Using a Linear Model Approach

2018

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In complex terrain, ground-based lidar wind speed measurements sometimes show noticeable differences compared to measurements made with in-situ sensors mounted on meteorological masts. These differences are mostly caused by the inhomogeneities of the flow field and the applied reconstruction methods. This study investigates three different methods to optimize the reconstruction algorithm in order to improve the agreement between lidar measurements and data from sensors on meteorological masts. The methods include a typical velocity azimuth display (VAD) method, a leave-one-out cross-validation method, and a linear model which takes into account the gradients of the wind velocity components. In addition, further aspects such as the influence of the half opening angle of the scanning cone and the scan duration are considered. The measurements were carried out with two different lidar systems, that measured simultaneously. The reference was a 100 m high meteorological mast. The measurements took place in complex terrain characterized by a 150 m high escarpment. The results from the individual methods are quantitatively compared with the measurements of the cup anemometer mounted on the meteorological mast by means of the three parameters of a linear regression (slope, offset, R 2 ) and the width of the 5th–95th quantile. The results show that expanding the half angle of the scanning cone from 20 ∘ to 55 ∘ reduces the offset by a factor of 14.9, but reducing the scan duration does not have an observable benefit. The linear method has the lowest uncertainty and the best agreement with the reference data (i.e., lowest offset and scatter) of all of the methods that were investigated.

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“…This site has been the subject of many coordinated studies [16,[18][19][20]. A small remotely-piloted aircraft was used to measure the flow conditions [18].…”

Section: Local Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed Detached-Eddy Simulations (DES) of the flow have been validated using different measurement methods [15,16]. Wind tunnel tests and CFD simulations have also been to model the flow over the site [20].…”

Section: Local Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the Uncertainty of Lidar Measurements in Complex Terrain Using a Linear Model Approach

2018

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“…They are also only able to measure wind data, meaning that other weather data might be missing. In contrast, meteorological measurement systems can be mounted on unpiloted aerial vehicles (UAVs) including fixed-wing aircraft (Rautenberg et al, 2019), helicopters (Hofsäß et al, 2019), and multi-rotor drones (Molter and Cheng, 2020). This allows UAVs to be used to measure wind vectors and turbulence, as well as other parameters such as air pressure, temperature, and humidity.…”

Section: Integrating Airborne Measurement Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research challenges and needs for the deployment of wind energy in hilly and mountainous regions

Clifton

Barber²,

Stökl³

et al. 2022

Wind Energ. Sci.

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Abstract. The continuing transition to renewable energy will require more wind turbines to be installed and operated on land and offshore. On land, wind turbines will increasingly be deployed in hilly or mountainous regions, which are often described together as “complex terrain” in the wind energy industry. These areas can experience complex flows that are hard to model, as well as cold climate conditions that lead to instrument and blade icing and can further impact wind turbine operation. This paper – a collaboration between several International Energy Agency (IEA) Wind Tasks and research groups based in mountainous countries – sets out the research and development needed to improve the financial competitiveness and ease of integration of wind energy in hilly or mountainous regions. The focus of the paper is on the interaction between the atmosphere, terrain, land cover, and wind turbines, during all stages of a project life cycle. The key needs include collaborative research and development facilities, improved wind and weather models that can cope with mountainous terrain, frameworks for sharing data, and a common, quantitative definition of site complexity. Addressing these needs will be essential for the affordable and reliable large-scale deployment of wind energy in many countries across the globe. Because of the widespread nature of complex flow and icing conditions, addressing these challenges will have positive impacts on the risk and cost of energy from wind energy globally.

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“…CC BY 4.0 License. aircraft (Rautenberg et al, 2019), helicopters (Hofsäß et al, 2019), and multirotor drones (Molter and Cheng, 2020) can all be used to measure wind vectors and turbulence, as well as other parameters such as air pressure, temperature, and humidity.…”

Section: Integrating Airborne Measurement Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research challenges and needs for the deployment of wind energy in atmospherically complex locations

Clifton

Barber

Stökl

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. The continuing transition to renewable energy will require more wind turbines to be installed and operated in many new locations on land as well as offshore. The need to have geographic diversity, as well as limited availability of land in historically "good" locations for wind energy, means that wind turbines will also need to be deployed in hilly or mountainous regions, often known as "complex terrain". These areas can also experience challenging weather and climate conditions and may experience instrument- and blade icing that can further impact their operation. This paper – a collaboration between several IEA Wind Tasks and research groups based in mountainous countries – sets out the research and development needed to improve the financial competitiveness and ease of integration of wind energy in hilly or mountainous regions and in regions subject to icing. The focus of the paper is on the interaction between the atmosphere, terrain, land cover, and wind turbines, and covers all stages of a project lifecycle. The key needs include collaborative research and development facilities, improved wind and weather models that can cope with mountainous terrain, frameworks for sharing data and a common, quantitative definition of site complexity.

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Flying UltraSonic – A new way to measure the wind

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Reducing the Uncertainty of Lidar Measurements in Complex Terrain Using a Linear Model Approach

Reducing the Uncertainty of Lidar Measurements in Complex Terrain Using a Linear Model Approach

Research challenges and needs for the deployment of wind energy in hilly and mountainous regions

Research challenges and needs for the deployment of wind energy in atmospherically complex locations

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