FLYING SAUCER1 Is a Transmembrane RING E3 Ubiquitin Ligase That Regulates the Degree of Pectin Methylesterification in<i>Arabidopsis</i>Seed Mucilage

Voiniciuc, Cătălin; Dean, Gillian H.; Griffiths, Jonathan S.; Kirchsteiger, Kerstin; Hwang, Yeen Ting; Gillett, Alan; Dow, Graham J.; Western, Tamara L.; Estelle, Mark; Haughn, George W.

doi:10.1105/tpc.112.107888

Cited by 80 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…Thus, SOS5 does not seem to be required for the arrangement or movement of CESA5 in the seed coat epidermal cells. Plants with loss-of-function mutations in both MUM2 and FLY1 have seeds with mucilage that extrudes poorly and adheres more strongly, respectively, because of changes in mucilage pectin (Dean et al, 2007;Macquet et al, 2007b;Voiniciuc et al, 2013). Because mutation of both CESA5 and SOS5 result in mucilage that is less adherent, we questioned whether one or both would be able to suppress the phenotypes of either mum2-1 or fly1-1 mutant mucilage.…”

Section: Sos5 Affects Mucilage Adherence But Not Cellulose Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data support the hypothesis that sos5-2 is more effective at suppressing the phenotype of mum2-1 seeds than cesa5-1. Loss-of-function mutations in FLY1 result in a lower degree of HG methylesterification in mucilage and increased mucilage cohesiveness (Voiniciuc et al, 2013). The most obvious aspect of the fly1 mutant phenotype is detachment of the seed coat epidermal cell primary walls, forming cell wall discs that remain attached at the periphery of the adherent mucilage halo (Fig.…”

Section: Sos5 Affects Mucilage Adherence But Not Cellulose Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mutations in another gene, FLYING SAUCER1 (FLY1; a transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligase), reduce the degree of pectin methylesterification in mucilage and cause increased mucilage adherence and defective mucilage extrusion (Voiniciuc et al, 2013). fly1 seeds have disclike structures at the edge of the mucilage halo, which are outer primary cell wall fragments that detach from the columella during extrusion and are difficult to separate from the adherent mucilage (Voiniciuc et al, 2013).…”

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SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE5 Mediates Arabidopsis Seed Coat Mucilage Adherence and Organization through Pectins

Griffiths¹,

Tsai²,

Xue

et al. 2014

Plant Physiology

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135

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Interactions between cell wall polymers are critical for establishing cell wall integrity and cell-cell adhesion. Here, we exploit the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed coat mucilage system to examine cell wall polymer interactions. On hydration, seeds release an adherent mucilage layer strongly attached to the seed in addition to a nonadherent layer that can be removed by gentle agitation. Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I) is the primary component of adherent mucilage, with homogalacturonan, cellulose, and xyloglucan constituting minor components. Adherent mucilage contains rays composed of cellulose and pectin that extend above the center of each epidermal cell. CELLULOSE SYNTHASE5 (CESA5) and the arabinogalactan protein SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE5 (SOS5) are required for mucilage adherence through unknown mechanisms. SOS5 has been suggested to mediate adherence by influencing cellulose biosynthesis. We, therefore, investigated the relationship between SOS5 and CESA5. cesa5-1 seeds show reduced cellulose, RG I, and ray size in adherent mucilage. In contrast, sos5-2 seeds have wild-type levels of cellulose but completely lack adherent RG I and rays. Thus, relative to each other, cesa5-1 has a greater effect on cellulose, whereas sos5-2 mainly affects pectin. The double mutant cesa5-1 sos5-2 has a much more severe loss of mucilage adherence, suggesting that SOS5 and CESA5 function independently. Doublemutant analyses with mutations in MUCILAGE MODIFIED2 and FLYING SAUCER1 that reduce mucilage release through pectin modification suggest that only SOS5 influences pectin-mediated adherence. Together, these findings suggest that SOS5 mediates adherence through pectins and does so independently of but in concert with cellulose synthesized by CESA5.

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Section: Sos5 Affects Mucilage Adherence But Not Cellulose Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sos5 Affects Mucilage Adherence But Not Cellulose Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE5 Mediates Arabidopsis Seed Coat Mucilage Adherence and Organization through Pectins

Griffiths¹,

Tsai²,

Xue

et al. 2014

Plant Physiology

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135

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“…Some general micromorphological studies of seed coat mucilage envelope(s) using SEM analysis were also presented e.g. for nutlets of Salvia hispanica L. or Arabidopsis thaliana seeds (Windsor et al, 2000;Capitani et al, 2013;Salgado-Cruz et al, 2013;Voiniciuc et al, 2013). However, these studies did not give a detailed insight into the spatial architecture of the mucilage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does the cell wall ‘stick’ in the mucilage? A detailed microstructural analysis of the seed coat mucilaginous cell wall

Kreitschitz

Gorb

2017

Flora

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Please cite this article as: Kreitschitz, Agnieszka, Gorb, Stanislav N., How does the cell wall 'stick' in the mucilage? A detailed microstructural analysis of the seed coat mucilaginous cell wall.Flora http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora. 2017.02.010 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. The examined pectic (Linum usitatissimum) and cellulose (Neopallasia pectinata) seed mucilage showed the fibrillary character of the components. The second type of mucilage indicated a much more arranged structure than that of the pectic one due to the presence of cellulose microfibrils. We showed cellulose organization in a net-like scaffold on which other mucilage components were spread and shoved how the mucilage was anchored to the seed surface through the cellulose skeleton, preventing it from being lost. Our detailed analysis gave an insight into how the mucilage is spatially arranged and also provided direct microstructural evidence of cell wall polysaccharides structure, distribution and interactions especially for widely-postulated xylan-cellulose linking. We demonstrated that xylan might be represented by long chains covering the surface of cellulose fibrils. The main advantage of the applied technique is its less-invasive character which retains the 3D structure of the components within the intact mucilaginous cell wall. As utilized in our studies, preparation and visualization methods with seed mucilage as a model system can give us new possibilities in structural studies of the (mucilaginous) cell wall.

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“…CELLULOSE SYNTHASE5 (CESA5) was found to be involved in cellulose synthesis (Sullivan et al, 2011), while MUCILAGE-MODIFIED4/RHAMNOSE SYNTHESIS2 (MUM4/RHM2) encodes a UDP-Rha synthase (Usadel et al, 2004;Western et al, 2004;Oka et al, 2007). The mum2, atsbt1.7, atbxl1, pmei6, fly1, and per36 mutants were found to be defective in pectin modification (Dean et al, 2007;Macquet et al, 2007b;Rautengarten et al, 2008;Arsovski et al, 2009;Saez-Aguayo et al, 2013;Voiniciuc et al, 2013) or in the degradation of the outer cell wall of the outer integument (Kunieda et al, 2013), all of which show a mucilage-release defect.…”

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confidence: 99%

GALACTURONOSYLTRANSFERASE-LIKE5 Is Involved in the Production of Arabidopsis Seed Coat Mucilage

et al. 2013

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The function of a putative galacturonosyltransferase from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; At1g02720; GALACTURONOSYLTRANSFERASE-LIKE5 [AtGATL5]) was studied using a combination of molecular genetic, chemical, and immunological approaches. AtGATL5 is expressed in all plant tissues, with highest expression levels in siliques 7 DPA. Furthermore, its expression is positively regulated by several transcription factors that are known to regulate seed coat mucilage production. AtGATL5 is localized in both endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, in comparison with marker proteins resident to these subcellular compartments. A transfer DNA insertion in the AtGATL5 gene generates seed coat epidermal cell defects both in mucilage synthesis and cell adhesion. Transformation of atgatl5-1 mutants with the wild-type AtGATL5 gene results in the complementation of all morphological phenotypes. Compositional analyses of the mucilage isolated from the atgatl5-1 mutant demonstrated that galacturonic acid and rhamnose contents are decreased significantly in atgatl5-1 compared with wild-type mucilage. No changes in structure were observed between soluble mucilage isolated from wild-type and mutant seeds, except that the molecular weight of the mutant mucilage increased 63% compared with that of the wild type. These data provide evidence that AtGATL5 might function in the regulation of the final size of the mucilage rhamnogalacturonan I.

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FLYING SAUCER1 Is a Transmembrane RING E3 Ubiquitin Ligase That Regulates the Degree of Pectin Methylesterification inArabidopsisSeed Mucilage

Cited by 80 publications

References 107 publications

SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE5 Mediates Arabidopsis Seed Coat Mucilage Adherence and Organization through Pectins

SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE5 Mediates Arabidopsis Seed Coat Mucilage Adherence and Organization through Pectins

How does the cell wall ‘stick’ in the mucilage? A detailed microstructural analysis of the seed coat mucilaginous cell wall

GALACTURONOSYLTRANSFERASE-LIKE5 Is Involved in the Production of Arabidopsis Seed Coat Mucilage

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