Flying a Tunnel-in-the-Sky display within the current airspace system

Barrows, Andrew K.; Powell, J. David

doi:10.2514/6.2000-1059

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…3 This is particularly so in the limited space of conventional glass-cockpit head-down multifunction head-down displays (MFD). Another factor previous investigators have had to deal with, and particularly so for rotorcraft with attitude aligned perspective flight path displays, is optimal field-of-view (FOV), both in the vertical and horizontal axes.…”

Section: A Tunnel-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 This was one type of tunnel-like symbology intended to guide the pilot along the intended flight path. Some additional situational awareness cueing was provided via an artificial horizon, with artificial ground, sky, and runway representation.…”

Section: A Tunnel-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combining this with synthetic vision has largely been given impetus by the increased power, storage capacity and capabilities of computing and graphics processors, in both laboratory simulation and onboard aircraft avionics environments. 3 The combination of tunnel-based and synthetic vision display cueing is the most recent situational awareness concept being explored to assist pilots. Here at Boeing Rotorcraft in Philadelphia, a National Rotorcraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association (NRTC/RITA) program has been under way since 1998 to develop these new display symbology concepts, building in part upon developments at the Technical University of Delft in the Netherlands, the Technical University of Munich in Germany, and Knighttime Systems, Inc. (of North Carolina, which assisted in development under contract).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flight Simulation Architecture for Tunnel-in-the-Sky Guidance and Synthetic Vision

Brychcy

Shanmugasundaram

Allen

et al. 2004

Journal of Aerospace Computing, Information, and Communication

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This paper will focus on the practical incorporation of "tunnel-in-the-sky" and synthetic vision concepts from a flight simulation software perspective. Piloted, rotorcraft flight simulation analysis of these concepts has been an ongoing activity in the Boeing Flight Simulation Laboratory in Philadelphia. The theoretical basis and advantages in augmenting pilot situational awareness was well presented by Robert R. Wilkins. 1 In this paper, the technical issues involving design architecture, visual perception and verification of these concepts will be addressed. Some of these issues include architecture optimization for future enhancements, tunnel correlation and conformality with out-the-window terrain, validation of pilot visual cues and integration of tunnel and synthetic vision concepts. Future work and directions will also be discussed, for both tunnel symbology-based guidance and synthetic vision situational awareness, in the context of practical realization in a rotorcraft flight simulation environment.acceleration of gravity T H = tunnel height -ft H B = barometric altitude -ft T HDG = tunnel heading -deg H P = pressure altitude -ft T T = tunnel turn radius -deg F F = function factor -normalized T W = tunnel width -ft F pv Δθ = flight path vector delta pitch -deg T Y = tunnel yaw -deg F pv Δψ = flight path vector delta yaw -deg V A = true airspeed -kn K PHI = gain on bank angle V C = calibrated airspeed -kn K TAE = gain on track angle V G = groundspeed -kn K XTD = gain on cross track deviation V R = reference speed -kn N G = north cig coordinate -ft V RC = vertical velocity -ft/s N Xwp = next waypoint index -unitless X L = aircraft longitude -€ ˙ P O = push-over rate -deg (deg/min/s) S L = tunnel segment length -feet XTD = aircraft cross track S S = tunnel segment spacing -feet deviation -perpindicular TAE = aircraft track angle error -difference distance from aircraft between tunnel course and aircraft center of gravity to tunnel ground track angle -deg ground track -ft T A = tunnel altitude -ft Y L = aircraft latitude -(deg/min/s) € ˙ φ = aircraft roll rate -deg/s Z B = tunnel flight profile height -ft θ = pitch angle -deg BRYCHCY ET AL. 240 ΔP Y = power cue vertical offset -in. (display) ϑ (5) = fifth order polynomial ΔT = simulation execution time -s quantity -unitless ΔT C = command-frame time -s ψ = aircraft heading -deg ΔT F = lead-frame time -s € ˙ ψ = aircraft yaw rate deg/s ΔT L = look-ahead time -s ψ M = aircraft magnetic heading -Δθ Y = pitch cue vertical offset -in. (display) deg φ = aircraft bank angle -deg ψ T = aircraft true heading -deg

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Section: A Tunnel-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Tunnel-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flight Simulation Architecture for Tunnel-in-the-Sky Guidance and Synthetic Vision

Brychcy

Shanmugasundaram

Allen

et al. 2004

Journal of Aerospace Computing, Information, and Communication

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show abstract

“…And the system draws the tunnel objects (each pentagon) every certain distance. Because it focuses on the indication of flight path, TIS usually lacks of sufficient operational prompts for airspeed and attitude control [2]. Some researchers used the current flight states and command signals to calculate a perspective motion of ownship [3], [4], however, the valid predictive motion was limited in a short time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Situation awareness enhancement of cockpit synthetic vision system: Visualization of tunnel-in-the-sky

Huang

Wang

Han

et al. 2009

2009 9th International Conference on Electronic Measurement &Amp; Instruments

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To better support the Synthetic Vision System with Tunnel-in-the-Sky Display to increase the Situation Awareness, Tunnels for both ownship and traffics are proposed respectively. The former one indicates a future flight path and the corresponding flight states of the ownship, while the latter one shows the predicted trajectory and wake vortices danger zone of traffics. To evaluate the display attributions of the Tunnel and acquire a proper pattern for Tunnel display, Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique is used to test the effect of Tunnel display in Synthetic Vision System. According to the experimental results and statistical analysis, both defects and recommended solutions of Tunnel display are pointed out to further enhance the Situation Awareness of pilots.

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“…Its applications have a wide range of advantages in industrial engineering and management, including the safe guidance in instrument meteorological condition [2], the efficient utilization of airspace, flight fuel management and reduction, and flight security promotion, etc [3]. [4,5] have driven the tunnel display by the invariable tunnel database, which failed to present the indication for a return-to-path from deviation. [6] has applied the Clothoid between the straight and circular flight-paths and obtained approving transition result.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flight operation-oriented Tunnel-in-the-Sky design

Huang

Wang

2010

2010 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

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In order to enhance the indication performance of Tunnel-in-the-Sky (TIS) in the flight instrument to assist the pilots' operation, flight operation-oriented strategies for tunnel are advocated. Dynamic driving strategy for tunnel is proposed to generate tunnel data dynamically, which endows the tunnel with a return-to-path guidance capacity. Transition strategy from the current flight path to the predicted path using Clothoid is applied to improve the tunnel traceability. To intuitively support the pilots' operation and reduce their workload, the estimated fight vector, expected flight vector and their corresponding driving algorithms are introduced. Experimental evaluation indicates the feasibility of the tunnel driving strategy and the valid effect of Clothoid transition. Optimal predictive time parameters for flight vectors are chosen by statistical analysis. These experiments validate the operation-oriented Tunnel-in-the-Sky design. Keywords -flight instrument, Tunnel-in-the-Sky, Clothoid, flight vector I.978-1-4244-8503-1/10/$26.00 ©2010 IEEE

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Flying a Tunnel-in-the-Sky display within the current airspace system

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Flight Simulation Architecture for Tunnel-in-the-Sky Guidance and Synthetic Vision

Flight Simulation Architecture for Tunnel-in-the-Sky Guidance and Synthetic Vision

Situation awareness enhancement of cockpit synthetic vision system: Visualization of tunnel-in-the-sky

Flight operation-oriented Tunnel-in-the-Sky design

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