Fluxes of CO2 above a plantation of Eucalyptus in southeast Brazil

Cabral, O. M. R.; Gash, J. H. C.; Rocha, Humberto Ribeiro da; Marsden, Claire; Ligo, M. A. V.; Freitas, Helber C.; Tatsch, Jônatan Düpont; Gomes, Eduardo Nardini

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.09.003

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…GPP predictions obtained in our study from a detailed canopy structure parameterization and precise measurements of photosynthetic parameters within the crown (Fig. S1) were consistent with other estimates in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations, which ranged from 2.9 to 4.2 kgC m −2 yr −1 in 3–6‐year‐old plantations, depending on the site and fertilization regime (Ryan et al ., ; Cabral et al ., ; Nouvellon et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measured and modeled interactive effects of potassium deficiency and water deficit on gross primary productivity and light‐use efficiency in Eucalyptus grandis plantations

Christina

Maire

Battie-Laclau

et al. 2015

Global Change Biology

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Global climate change is expected to increase the length of drought periods in many tropical regions. Although large amounts of potassium (K) are applied in tropical crops and planted forests, little is known about the interaction between K nutrition and water deficit on the physiological mechanisms governing plant growth. A process-based model (MAESPA) parameterized in a split-plot experiment in Brazil was used to gain insight into the combined effects of K deficiency and water deficit on absorbed radiation (aPAR), gross primary productivity (GPP), and light-use efficiency for carbon assimilation and stem biomass production (LUEC and LUEs ) in Eucalyptus grandis plantations. The main-plot factor was the water supply (undisturbed rainfall vs. 37% of throughfall excluded) and the subplot factor was the K supply (with or without 0.45 mol K m(-2 ) K addition). Mean GPP was 28% lower without K addition over the first 3 years after planting whether throughfall was partly excluded or not. K deficiency reduced aPAR by 20% and LUEC by 10% over the whole period of growth. With K addition, throughfall exclusion decreased GPP by 25%, resulting from a 21% decrease in LUEC at the end of the study period. The effect of the combination of K deficiency and water deficit was less severe than the sum of the effects of K deficiency and water deficit individually, leading to a reduction in stem biomass production, gross primary productivity and LUE similar to K deficiency on its own. The modeling approach showed that K nutrition and water deficit influenced absorbed radiation essentially through changes in leaf area index and tree height. The changes in gross primary productivity and light-use efficiency were, however, driven by a more complex set of tree parameters, especially those controlling water uptake by roots and leaf photosynthetic capacities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measured and modeled interactive effects of potassium deficiency and water deficit on gross primary productivity and light‐use efficiency in Eucalyptus grandis plantations

Christina

Maire

Battie-Laclau

et al. 2015

Global Change Biology

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“…Winters are typically dry with mild temperatures (Klink and Machado 2005). The mean annual air temperature is 22°C, varying from 24°C in January to 19°C in July (Cabral et al, 2011). Most of the area has been cleared for agricultural production (principally sugar cane) or eucalyptus plantations.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes to the energy budget and evapotranspiration following conversion of tropical savannas to agricultural lands in São Paulo State, Brazil

et al. 2014

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In Brazil, as much as 50% of the native tropical savannas and woodlands (known as the Cerrado) have been converted to farmland under intensive agriculture. Land cover change at this scale has important implications for water and energy budgets, but at present, these implications are poorly understood. A promising new technology for elucidating these relationships at large scales is remote sensing; but results obtained by this method need to be verified with ground‐based measurements. For this study, we used remote sensing to estimate changes in energy balance and evapotranspiration (ET) in São Paulo State following conversion of native Cerrado woodlands to cultivated land for sugar cane and eucalyptus. We applied the surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL) to ten TM–Landsat 5 images taken during 2005 at two locations (sugar cane fields and Cerrado woodlands). The SEBAL ET results were compared with ET data obtained via eddy covariance. There was good agreement between the two (R2 = 0·87), with no systematic overestimation or underestimation by SEBAL. Our SEBAL analysis indicated that land cover change causes strong shifts in albedo, land‐surface temperature, and vegetation index – all of which affect energy balance and ET. Both the SEBAL and eddy covariance measurements indicate that ET for sugar cane is only about 70% of that for native woodlands. SEBAL estimates found that, for cultivated eucalyptus plantations, ET was about 88% of that for Cerrado forests. Our results indicate that the SEBAL methodology is a reliable tool for estimating energy budgets and ET in Cerrado landscapes and, further, that large‐scale conversion of Cerrado woodlands to agricultural land significantly alters energy budgets and ET. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Although considerable areas are concerned, there is still little information on the consequences of the afforestation of grasslands with Eucalyptus plantations on the storage of water, carbon, and nutrients in deep soil layers. The gross primary production (GPP) of commercial Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil is more than 3500 g C m −2 yr −1 (Ryan et al, 2010; Cabral et al, 2011; Nouvellon et al, 2012), among the highest in the world for forests (Luyssaert et al, 2007). This simple agro-ecosystem (with only 1 plant species growing in highly weathered soils without root growth barriers) provides an opportunity to investigate the belowground growth strategy of fast-growing trees in tropical regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of soil exploration by fine roots down to a depth of 10 m throughout the entire rotation in Eucalyptus grandis plantations

Laclau¹,

Silva²,

Lambais³

et al. 2013

Front. Plant Sci.

116

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Although highly weathered soils cover considerable areas in tropical regions, little is known about exploration by roots in deep soil layers. Intensively managed Eucalyptus plantations are simple forest ecosystems that can provide an insight into the belowground growth strategy of fast-growing tropical trees. Fast exploration of deep soil layers by eucalypt fine roots may contribute to achieving a gross primary production that is among the highest in the world for forests. Soil exploration by fine roots down to a depth of 10 m was studied throughout the complete cycle in Eucalyptus grandis plantations managed in short rotation. Intersects of fine roots, less than 1 mm in diameter, and medium-sized roots, 1–3 mm in diameter, were counted on trench walls in a chronosequence of 1-, 2-, 3.5-, and 6-year-old plantations on a sandy soil, as well as in an adjacent 6-year-old stand growing in a clayey soil. Two soil profiles were studied down to a depth of 10 m in each stand (down to 6 m at ages 1 and 2 years) and 4 soil profiles down to 1.5–3.0 m deep. The root intersects were counted on 224 m2 of trench walls in 15 pits. Monitoring the soil water content showed that, after clear-cutting, almost all the available water stored down to a depth of 7 m was taken up by tree roots within 1.1 year of planting. The soil space was explored intensively by fine roots down to a depth of 3 m from 1 year after planting, with an increase in anisotropy in the upper layers throughout the rotation. About 60% of fine root intersects were found at a depth of more than 1 m, irrespective of stand age. The root distribution was isotropic in deep soil layers and kriged maps showed fine root clumping. A considerable volume of soil was explored by fine roots in eucalypt plantations on deep tropical soils, which might prevent water and nutrient losses by deep drainage after canopy closure and contribute to maximizing resource uses.

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Fluxes of CO2 above a plantation of Eucalyptus in southeast Brazil

Cited by 34 publications

References 91 publications

Measured and modeled interactive effects of potassium deficiency and water deficit on gross primary productivity and light‐use efficiency in Eucalyptus grandis plantations

Measured and modeled interactive effects of potassium deficiency and water deficit on gross primary productivity and light‐use efficiency in Eucalyptus grandis plantations

Changes to the energy budget and evapotranspiration following conversion of tropical savannas to agricultural lands in São Paulo State, Brazil

Dynamics of soil exploration by fine roots down to a depth of 10 m throughout the entire rotation in Eucalyptus grandis plantations

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