Flux of the biogenic volatiles isoprene and dimethyl sulfide from an oligotrophic lake

Steinke, Michael; Hodapp, Bettina; Subhan, Rameez; Bell, Thomas G.; Martin‐Creuzburg, Dominik

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-18923-5

Cited by 44 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…These events contribute towards shaping a summertime aerosol number size distribution that is characterized by a dominant Aitken mode (particles with diameters between 10 and 100 nm) in this region (Croft et al, 2016a), similar to observations at other pan-Arctic sites (Tunved et al, 2013;Asmi et al, 2016;Nguyen et al, 2016;Freud et al, 2017;Gunsch et al, 2017;Heintzenberg et al, 2017;Kolesar et al, 2017). Summertime Arctic aerosol size distributions are also characterized by a suppressed accumulation mode (particles with diameters between 100 and 1000 nm) due to the efficient wet removal processes in frequently drizzling low clouds (Browse et al, 2014) and the limited transport from lower latitudes (Stohl, 2006;Law and Stohl, 2007;Korhonen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Similar to their effects in other regions, aerosols interact directly with incoming solar radiation via scattering and absorption (Charlson et al, 1992;Hegg et al, 1996;Yu et al, 2006;Shindell and Faluvegi, 2009;Yang et al, 2014) and indirectly through the modification of cloud properties by acting as the seeds for cloud droplet formation (Lohmann and Feichter, 2005;McFarquhar et al, 2011). In the summertime Arctic, efficient wet removal by precipitation and the smaller extent of the polar dome limit the transport of pollution from lower latitudes and maintain an atmosphere that is more pristine than in the Arctic winter and springtime (Barrie, 1995;Polissar et al, 2001;Quinn et al, 2002;Stohl, 2006;Garrett et al, 2011;Brock et al, 2011;Fisher et al, 2011;Sharma et al, 2013;Xu et al, 2017;. As a result, natural regional Arctic sources make strong contributions to summertime Arctic aerosol, to the related radiative effects, and to associated uncertainties (Korhonen et al, 2008;Leck and Bigg, 2010;Heintzenberg and Leck, 2012;Karl et al, 2013;Carslaw et al, 2013;Heintzenberg et al, 2015;Croft et al, 2016b;Willis et al, 2016Willis et al, , 2017Burkart et al, 2017a;Mungall et al, 2017;Dall'Osto et al, 2017, 2018aBreider et al, 2017;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arctic marine secondary organic aerosol contributes significantly to summertime particle size distributions in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Summertime Arctic aerosol size distributions are strongly controlled by natural regional emissions. Within this context, we use a chemical transport model with size-resolved aerosol microphysics (GEOS-Chem-TOMAS) to interpret measurements of aerosol size distributions from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the summer of 2016, as part of the “NETwork on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing key uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments” (NETCARE) project. Our simulations suggest that condensation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from precursor vapors emitted in the Arctic and near Arctic marine (ice-free seawater) regions plays a key role in particle growth events that shape the aerosol size distributions observed at Alert (82.5∘ N, 62.3∘ W), Eureka (80.1∘ N, 86.4∘ W), and along a NETCARE ship track within the Archipelago. We refer to this SOA as Arctic marine SOA (AMSOA) to reflect the Arctic marine-based and likely biogenic sources for the precursors of the condensing organic vapors. AMSOA from a simulated flux (500 µgm-2day-1, north of 50∘ N) of precursor vapors (with an assumed yield of unity) reduces the summertime particle size distribution model–observation mean fractional error 2- to 4-fold, relative to a simulation without this AMSOA. Particle growth due to the condensable organic vapor flux contributes strongly (30 %–50 %) to the simulated summertime-mean number of particles with diameters larger than 20 nm in the study region. This growth couples with ternary particle nucleation (sulfuric acid, ammonia, and water vapor) and biogenic sulfate condensation to account for more than 90 % of this simulated particle number, which represents a strong biogenic influence. The simulated fit to summertime size-distribution observations is further improved at Eureka and for the ship track by scaling up the nucleation rate by a factor of 100 to account for other particle precursors such as gas-phase iodine and/or amines and/or fragmenting primary particles that could be missing from our simulations. Additionally, the fits to the observed size distributions and total aerosol number concentrations for particles larger than 4 nm improve with the assumption that the AMSOA contains semi-volatile species: the model–observation mean fractional error is reduced 2- to 3-fold for the Alert and ship track size distributions. AMSOA accounts for about half of the simulated particle surface area and volume distributions in the summertime Canadian Arctic Archipelago, with climate-relevant simulated summertime pan-Arctic-mean top-of-the-atmosphere aerosol direct (−0.04 W m−2) and cloud-albedo indirect (−0.4 W m−2) radiative effects, which due to uncertainties are viewed as an order of magnitude estimate. Future work should focus on further understanding summertime Arctic sources of AMSOA.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic marine secondary organic aerosol contributes significantly to summertime particle size distributions in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

et al. 2019

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Responses to the three referees' comments

Croft¹

2019

Preprint

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Summertime Arctic aerosol size distributions are strongly controlled by natural regional emissions. Within this context, we use a chemical transport model with sizeresolved aerosol microphysics (GEOS-Chem-TOMAS) to interpret measurements of aerosol size distributions from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the summer of 2016, as part of the "NETwork on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing key uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments" (NET-CARE) project. Our simulations suggest that condensation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from precursor vapors emitted in the Arctic and near Arctic marine (ice-free seawater) regions plays a key role in particle growth events that shape the aerosol size distributions observed at Alert (82.5 • N, 62.3 • W), Eureka (80.1 • N, 86.4 • W), and along a NETCARE ship track within the Archipelago. We refer to this SOA as Arctic marine SOA (AMSOA) to reflect the Arctic marine-based and likely biogenic sources for the precursors of the condensing organic vapors. AMSOA from a simulated flux (500 µg m −2 day −1 , north of 50 • N) of precursor vapors (with an assumed yield of unity) reduces the summertime particle size distribution model-observation mean fractional error 2-to 4-fold, relative to a simulation without this AMSOA. Particle growth due to the condensable organic vapor flux contributes strongly (30 %-50 %) to the simulated summertime-mean number of particles with diameters larger than 20 nm in the study region. This growth couples with ternary particle nucleation (sulfuric acid, ammonia, and water vapor) and biogenic sulfate condensation to account for more than 90 % of this simulated particle number, which represents a strong biogenic influence. The simulated fit to summertime size-distribution observations is further improved at Eureka and for the ship track by scaling up the nucleation rate by a factor of 100 to account for other particle precursors such as gas-phase iodine and/or amines and/or fragmenting primary particles that could be missing from our simulations. Additionally, the fits to the observed size distributions and total aerosol Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 2788 B. Croft et al.: Contribution of AMSOA to summertime particle size distributions number concentrations for particles larger than 4 nm improve with the assumption that the AMSOA contains semivolatile species: the model-observation mean fractional error is reduced 2-to 3-fold for the Alert and ship track size distributions. AMSOA accounts for about half of the simulated particle surface area and volume distributions in the summertime Canadian Arctic Archipelago, with climaterelevant simulated summertime pan-Arctic-mean top-of-theatmosphere aerosol direct (−0.04 W m −2) and cloud-albedo indirect (−0.4 W m −2) radiative effects, which due to uncertainties are viewed as an order of magnitude estimate. Future work should focus on further understanding summertime Arctic sources of AMSOA.

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“…Previous studies also reported fluorescent water-soluble organic aerosols in the High Arctic atmosphere (Fu et al, 2015). It is worth noting that terrestrial VOCs from tundra and lakes at elevated concentrations were reported (Potosnak et al, 2013;Lindwall et al, 2016;Steinke et al, 2018). origin of this organic matter can be obtained by the FDOM analysis.…”

Section: Overview Of Aerosol Properties According To Different Air Mamentioning

confidence: 86%

Shipborne observations reveal contrasting Arctic marine, Arctic terrestrial and Pacific marine aerosol properties

Park¹,

Dall’Osto²,

Park³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. There are few shipborne observations addressing the factors influencing the relationships of the formation and growth of aerosol particles with cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in remote marine environments. In this study, the physical properties of aerosol particles throughout the Arctic Ocean and Pacific Ocean were measured aboard the Korean ice breaker R/V Araon during the summer of 2017 for 25 days. A number of New Particle Formation (NPF) events and growth were frequently observed in both Arctic terrestrial and Arctic marine air masses. By striking contrast, NPF events were not detected in Pacific marine air masses. Three major aerosol categories are therefore discussed: (1) Arctic marine (aerosol number concentration CN2.5: 413 &#177; 442 cm&#8722;3), (2) Arctic terrestrial (CN2.5: 1622 &#177; 1450 cm&#8722;3) and (3) Pacific marine (CN2.5: 397 &#177; 185 cm&#8722;3), following air mass back trajectory analysis. A major conclusion of this study is that not only that the Arctic Ocean is a major source of secondary aerosol formation relative to the Pacific Ocean; but also that open ocean sympagic and terrestrial influenced coastal ecosystems both contribute to shape aerosol size distributions. We suggest that terrestrial ecosystems - including river outflows and tundra - strongly affects aerosol emissions in the Arctic coastal areas, possibly more than anthropogenic Arctic emissions. The increased river discharge, tundra emissions and melting sea ice should be considered in future Arctic atmospheric composition and climate simulations. The average CCN concentrations at a supersaturation ratios of 0.4&#8201;% were 35 &#177; 40 cm&#8722;3, 71 &#177; 47 cm&#8722;3, and 204 &#177; 87 cm&#8722;3 for Arctic marine, Arctic terrestrial, and Pacific marine aerosol categories, respectively. Our results aim to help to evaluate how anthropogenic and natural atmospheric sources and processes affect the aerosol composition and cloud properties.

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Flux of the biogenic volatiles isoprene and dimethyl sulfide from an oligotrophic lake

Cited by 44 publications

References 77 publications

Arctic marine secondary organic aerosol contributes significantly to summertime particle size distributions in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

Arctic marine secondary organic aerosol contributes significantly to summertime particle size distributions in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

Responses to the three referees' comments

Shipborne observations reveal contrasting Arctic marine, Arctic terrestrial and Pacific marine aerosol properties

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