Flux of primordial monopoles

Abstract

We discuss how in supersymmetric models with D and F -flat directions, a primordial monopole flux of order 10 −16 − 10 −18 cm −2 sec −1 sr −1 can coexist with the observed baryon asymmetry. A modified Affleck-Dine scenario yields the desired asymmetry if the monopoles are superheavy (∼ 10 13 − 10 18 GeV). For lighter monopoles with masses ∼ 10 9 − 10 12 GeV, the baryon asymmetry can arise via TeV scale leptogenesis.

Search for GUT Monopoles at Super-Kamiokande

“…Therefore, our limit is better than the neutron star limit even in the most stringent case. Finally, we emphasize that this result also provides constraints on the parameter space of inflation models as suggested in [7,8].…”

“…Even if we circumvent this problem by resorting to inflationary universe scenarios [4,5], we cannot avoid a large uncertainty on the monopole flux in the universe since the flux depends on such parameters as monopole mass and the reheating temperature. In fact, due to the wide variety of elementary particle models, several models are compatible with the level of the Parker bound (∼ 10 −15 cm −2 s −1 sr −1 ) [6,7,8], and a flux in that range can be relatively easily detected by underground experiments. Arafune et al [9] pointed out that copious low energy neutrinos might be emitted when monopoles accumulating inside the Sun catalyze proton decays, p → (ρ 0 , ω, η, K + , • • • ) + e + (or µ + ) (1) along their paths with cross sections typical of strong interactions via the Callan-Rubakov process [10,11].…”

Searches for relativistic magnetic monopoles in IceCube

“…However, monopoles associated with the breaking of intermediate scale gauge symmetries may have been produced in the late stages of inflation and reheating in some models [8,9]. There is thus no robust theoretical prediction of monopole parameters such as mass and flux, nevertheless an experimental detection of a monopole today would be of fundamental significance.…”