Fluvisol permeability estimation using soil water content variability

Ružičić, Stanko; Kovač, Zoran; Nakić, Zoran; Kireta, Daria

doi:10.15233/gfz.2017.34.9

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Nitrate concentrations are mostly higher in the upper part of the unsaturated zone, and they decrease with depth (Ružičić, Kovač, & Tumara, 2018). This is consistent with the research made in the Fluvisol area of the Zagreb aquifer where it was shown that the upper part of the unsaturated zone is generally permeable, except in dry periods (Ružičić, Kovač, Nakić, & Kireta, 2017), which allows the infiltration of contaminants into the aquifer. Apart from nitrates, pesticides, potentially toxic metals, pharmaceuticals and chlorinated aliphatics have been identified as main groups of contaminants in the Zagreb aquifer (Nakić et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Nitrate contamination risk of the Zagreb aquifer

2019

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Nitrates present one of the main groundwater contaminants in the world and in the Zagreb aquifer. In order to reduce nitrate concentrations in groundwater, it is necessary to spatially define main nitrogen sources and areas which have the highest risk of nitrate contamination. This paper presents a map of nitrate contamination risk in the area of the Zagreb aquifer. It was constructed based on nine different layers that include natural characteristics and anthropogenic pressures. For the construction of the Main map, which has been defined as the most representative one, 15 different variations have been tested. The Main map has shown that the urban part of the City of Zagreb, especially central and eastern parts, together with the area of Jakuševec landfill and marshalling station, present areas with the highest risk of nitrate contamination, which is consistent with the results of previous research. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Nitrate contamination risk of the Zagreb aquifer

2019

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“…All investigated observation wells are also grouped according to their affiliation to different soil types; 8 observation wells are located in the Eutric Cambisol, 21 in the Fluvisols, and 16 in the urban part of the City of Zagreb (Table 1). Soil hydraulic properties were estimated based on the data from the research that was done in the soil profile in the area of the future well field Kosnica [29], which is located in the Fluvisols, and a soil profile that is located in the area of well field Velika Gorica [30], which is located in the Eutric Cambisols on Holocene deposits. Granulometric composition of soil profiles from these types of soils is given in Table 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from these types of soils, Pseudogley on plateau, Pseudogley-gley, Gleyic Fluvisols, Gleysol, Pseudogley, and Vertic Gleysols can also be found in small areas [27,28]. Hydraulic properties of the Fluvisols are generally permeable, with the exception of dry periods [29]. On the other hand, the Eutric Cambisols developed on Holocene deposits seem to be of low permeability, where percolation to the aquifer is very low [30].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Water Stable Isotopes for Identifying Groundwater Recharge Sources of the Unconfined Alluvial Zagreb Aquifer (Croatia)

Parlov

Kovač

Nakić

et al. 2019

Water

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The main purpose of this study was to understand the interactions between precipitation, surface water, and groundwater in the Zagreb aquifer system using water stable isotopes. The Zagreb aquifer is of the unconfined type and strongly hydraulically connected to the Sava River. As the groundwater is the main source of drinking water for one million inhabitants, it is essential to investigate each detail of the recharge processes of the aquifer to ensure adequate protection of the groundwater. Measuring the content of water stable isotopes in surface waters and groundwater enabled the creation of two- and three-component mixing models based on the isotopic mass balance for the purpose of the quantification of each recharge component. The mixing models gave ambiguous results. Observation wells equally distant from the Sava River did not have the same recharge component ratio. This indicated that there were more factors (in addition to the distance from the river) that were affecting groundwater recharge, and the properties of the unsaturated zone and surface cover data were therefore also taken into consideration. The thickness of the unsaturated zone and the characteristics of different soil types were identified as important factors in the recharge of the Zagreb aquifer. The areas with high thickness of the unsaturated zone and well-permeable soil had a very similar recharge component ratio to the areas with small thickness of the unsaturated zone but low-permeable soil.

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“…The presence of the clayey cambic horizon with the structure of pedological profile A-(B) w-C is characteristic for the specified soil. The upper part of this soil profile is generally permeable, which enables the infiltration of water and potential contaminants into the aquifer [14]. In the area of Zagreb aquifer Cambisols were developed at fluvial loamy deposits where groundwater reaches the 1 m depth [13].…”

Section: Study Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Influence of Agriculture on an Unsaturated Zone in Croatia

Ružičić¹,

Kovač²,

Borovčak³

2019

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Soil contamination in the agricultural areas developed on open aquifer systems can be environmental problem. The subject of this study is the Cambisol soil developed in the area of the Velika Gorica well field. The aim of this research was to determine possible agricultural influence on the unsaturated zone of the Zagreb aquifer area where Cambisol soil is developed. Concentrations of potentially toxic metals (Cu, Cd and Zn) and major cations and anions (Na + , K + , NH 4 + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Cl-, NO 3-, and SO 4 2-) were determined in soil horizons. Correlations between physical and chemical soil properties, analysed ions and potentially toxic metals were made. Samples that were closer to the surface showed increased element concentrations, indicating the increased impact of agricultural activities in the research area. All analysed potentially toxic metals showed highest concentrations in residual fraction, which indicates the possible influence of agricultural activities such as usage of fertilizers, manure, sludge as soil fertilizer and fungicides, or point sources of contamination, uncontrolled, active or untended waste dumps and aerodeposition. Statistical analysis showed strong correlations between the concentrations of the studied potentially toxic metals and some soil properties such as soil texture, pH and organic matter. In addition, correlation results between nitrates and some potentially toxic metals such as Cu and Zn indicate that these elements come from the same source of contamination, in this case probably agricultural activity. Even though the influence of agricultural activities is recognized, all results show that the impact is decreasing after approximately 0.8 m depth.

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Fluvisol permeability estimation using soil water content variability

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Nitrate contamination risk of the Zagreb aquifer

Nitrate contamination risk of the Zagreb aquifer

Using Water Stable Isotopes for Identifying Groundwater Recharge Sources of the Unconfined Alluvial Zagreb Aquifer (Croatia)

Possible Influence of Agriculture on an Unsaturated Zone in Croatia

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