Fluvial inverse modeling for inferring the timing of Quaternary uplift in the Simbruini range (Central Apennines, Italy)

Delchiaro, Michele; Fioramonti, Veronica; Seta, Marta Della; Cavinato, Gian Paolo; Mattei, Massimo

doi:10.1111/tgis.12833

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Although the equation system of the stream power incision model is a powerful tool by which it is possible to decipher the history of uplift evolution (Delchiaro et al, 2021;Fox et al, 2014;Gallen & Fernandez-Blanco, 2021;Goren et al, 2014;Ma et al, 2020;Pritchard et al, 2009;Racano et al, 2021;Roberts & White, 2010;Rudge et al, 2015), it was not yet applied to the reconstruction of the evolution of creep evolving slopes. Moreover, several landscape evolution models have been proposed so far to explain the dynamic feedback between surface processes and tectonics in the Zagros (Bretis et al, 2011;Burberry et al, 2008Burberry et al, , 2010Oberlander, 1965Oberlander, , 1968Oberlander, , 1985Ramsey et al, 2008;Tucker & Slingerland, 1996), neglecting however the relationship among time-dependent rock mass deformations, landscape evolution rates, and tectonics in the triggering of large rock landslide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bedrock channels and hillslope topography record tectonic and climatic signals across the landscape, thus dictating, to first order, the dynamic response of mountainous landscapes to external forcings (Whipple & Tucker, 1999). Then, terrain analysis and the equation system of the stream power incision model are powerful tool by which it is possible to decipher the history of uplift evolution (Delchiaro et al, 2021;Fox et al, 2014;Gallen & Fernández-Blanco, 2021;Goren et al, 2014;Ma et al, 2020;Pritchard et al, 2009;Racano et al, 2021;Roberts & White, 2010;Rudge et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of tectonic deformation and landscape evolution in the occurrence of Mass Rock Creep driven landslides: the Loumar landslide (Zagros Belt, Iran)

Delchiaro¹,

Seta²,

Martino³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This research focuses on the role of fold growth and river incision in predisposing time-dependent gravitational deformation in slope-scale rock masses. We analyse the case study of the Loumar landslide affecting the NE flank of the Gavar anticline (Zagros Mts., Iran). The landslide evolution seems related to the fold growth that induced the abandonment of a meandering canyon and generated a new narrow gorge that kinetically released the limestone carapace of the flank. In this regard, we infer that Quaternary tectonic deformation and landscape evolution of the fold prepared the flank to the initiation of a Mass Rock Creep (MRC) driven deformation, that evolved into the Loumar viscosity-driven rockslide presently affecting the slope, as evidenced by remote sensing analyses and field survey. We constrain the chronology of the major events that led to the gravitational deformation, through linear temporal conversion of river longitudinal profiles, geomorphometry and OSL dating. The evolution of the drainage network on the flanks of the antiformal ridge highlights that between 568 +330/-165 and 81±38 ka, the fold growth, splitted the major streams flowing perpendicular to the fold axis growth. The tectonic deformation related to the vertical and the lateral growth of the fold towards NW, in association with the propagation of minor folds, likely allowed the initiation of the MRC deformation process, in response to river incision. The MRC process cumulated elasto-plastic strain until 5.52±0.36 ka, when the slope evolved into a failure causing the partial occlusion of the valley and the generation of a pond. Hosted filedelchiaro_et_al_2021_supplementary.docx available at https://authorea.com/users/548421/ articles/604321-the-role-of-tectonic-deformation-and-landscape-evolution-in-theoccurrence-of-mass-rock-creep-driven-landslides-the-loumar-landslide-zagros-belt-iran Hosted file essoar.10507858.1.docx available at https://authorea.com/users/548421/articles/604321-therole-of-tectonic-deformation-and-landscape-evolution-in-the-occurrence-of-mass-rockcreep-driven-landslides-the-loumar-landslide-zagros-belt-iranThe role of tectonic deformation and landscape evolution in the occurrence of Mass Rock Creep driven landslides: the Loumar landslide (Zagros Belt, Iran

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of tectonic deformation and landscape evolution in the occurrence of Mass Rock Creep driven landslides: the Loumar landslide (Zagros Belt, Iran)

Delchiaro¹,

Seta²,

Martino³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The basal unconformity corresponds to the palaeo-Aniene erosional surface, whereas the upper boundary corresponds to the present-day topography. Based on geomorphometric methods, Delchiaro et al (2021) referred these deposits to the Lower Pleistocene (between 1,85±0,4 and 0,76±0,2 Ma). Maximum thickness exceeds 100 metres.…”

Section: Tiber and Aniene Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basal unconformity is represented by an erosional surface affecting the Mesozoic bedrock whereas the upper boundary is placed at the present-day topography. Based on geomorphometric methods, Delchiaro et al (2021) referred these deposits to the Middle Pleistocene (post-0,76±0,2 Ma). The thickness exceeds 50 m.…”

Section: Tiber and Aniene Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of a portion of the Simbruini-Ernici Mountains (Central Apennines - Italy): review and new data from detailed geological mapping

Fabbi,

Cipriani,

Consorti

2023

GFT

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We describe a portion of the Simbruini-Ernici Mountains, that is going to be included in the Sheet 377 "Trasacco" of the Geological Map of Italy at 1:50,000 scale. The study area is characterized by peculiar tectono-stratigraphic features, such as the occurrence of a narrow pelagic intra-platform basin linked to the E-Jurassic rifting of W-Tethys, filled by the progradation of the carbonate platform margins. During the rest of the Mesozoic, and in the Miocene, this portion of the Apennine platform persisted in a carbonate platform setting. Early Cretaceous synsedimentary tectonics is recorded by the Berriasian-Aptian units. Cenomanian to Campanian rudistdominated associations developed in inner platform settings. After the "Palaeogene hiatus", carbonate sedimentation was resumed in the Early Miocene but ended in the Tortonian when chain building started. Throughout the Messinian and Pliocene wedge-top basins formed, filled by thick clastic polygenic deposits. Since the Late Pliocene, the uplift of the chain caused subaerial exposure and erosion. This phase is responsible of the deposition of Quaternary clastics, which have been organised for the first time as stratigraphic units. The wide array of continental deposits of the study area records several erosional/depositional cycles, controlled by the combined tectonics and climatic oscillations.

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The role of long-term preparatory factors in mass rock creep deforming slopes: insights from the Zagros Mts. belt (Iran)

Delchiaro,

Della Seta,

Martino

et al. 2024

Landslides

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The long-term evolution of slopes affected by Mass Rock Creep deformations is controlled by both time-invariant predisposing factors, such as the geo-structural inheritance, and time-dependent preparatory conditions, including regional uplift and landscape evolution rates. However, the relationship among Deep-seated Gravitational Slope Deformations, drainage network evolution, and tectonics remains poorly defined. Here, we focused on an undocumented Deep-seated Gravitational Slope Deformation affecting an area of about 8 km2 in the SE tip termination of the Siah Kuh anticline in the Lorestan arc (Zagros Mts., Iran), upstream to the Mountain Front Fault. To assess the evolution processes which involved the slope up to the present, we integrated quantitative geomorphic analysis, optically stimulated luminescence dating of geomorphic markers, and SAR interferometry techniques. In detail, we semi-automatically extracted the river terrace treads to which we associated an elevation above the thalweg based on the Relative Elevation Model allowing the order definition. The plano-altimetric distribution of the treads and the OSL ages of two levels of strath terraces sampled in the field have been correlated along the river longitudinal profile, allowing the estimation of an uplift rate of 2.8 ± 0.2 mm year−1 and 0.42 ± 0.03 mm year−1, respectively upstream and downstream of the Mountain Front Fault. SAR interferometry was used to spot present-day shallow ground displacements associated with the ongoing slope deformation, by processing 279 satellite Sentinel-1 (A and B) radar images of the ascending and descending orbit spanning from 06 October 2014 to 31 March 2019. Different landslide mechanisms were distinguished across the fold axis, rototranslative to lateral spreading interpreted as two different evolutionary stages of the same process transposed spatially through the fold axis. Indeed, the rototranslative mechanism represents an advanced stage of the strain evolution while the lateral spreading is an earlier one. Finally, we infer that the variability in the spatial distribution of the slope deformation styles and patterns in the Lorestan arc is strictly related to the coupled evolution of the drainage system and tectonics. Involved volumes (from 0.6 up to 44 km3), local relief (from 400 up to 2000 m), incision rates (from 0.8 to 2.8 ± 0.2 mm year−1), and persistence time (from 104 to 105 years) represent the most important preparatory conditions and are predisposed by a moderately dipping downslope (from 8 to 25°) sedimentary sequence characterised by units with significantly different rheological behaviour.

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Fluvial inverse modeling for inferring the timing of Quaternary uplift in the Simbruini range (Central Apennines, Italy)

Abstract: The topography of tectonically active regions shows a dynamic feedback between tectonics that moves rock masses, and surface processes that redistribute them from the hillslopes to the fluvial network shaping the land-

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

The role of tectonic deformation and landscape evolution in the occurrence of Mass Rock Creep driven landslides: the Loumar landslide (Zagros Belt, Iran)

The role of tectonic deformation and landscape evolution in the occurrence of Mass Rock Creep driven landslides: the Loumar landslide (Zagros Belt, Iran)

Stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of a portion of the Simbruini-Ernici Mountains (Central Apennines - Italy): review and new data from detailed geological mapping

The role of long-term preparatory factors in mass rock creep deforming slopes: insights from the Zagros Mts. belt (Iran)

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