Fluvial interpretations of stratigraphic surfaces across Upper Triassic to Lower-Middle Jurassic continental red beds northeastern Mexico

Cisneros, Igor Ishi Rubio; Holbrook, John

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103366

Cited by 3 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The depositional base of the El Alamar Formation does not crop out; the total exposed thickness ranges from 60 to 350 m (Rubio‐Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021). This formation consists of fluvial and alluvial conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone and shale (Barboza‐Gudino et al, 2010; Michalzik, 1991; Rubio‐Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least three angular unconformities are present in the Huizachal Group: (1) between the lower and upper parts of the El Alamar Formation, (2) between the lower and upper parts of the La Boca Formation and (3) between the La Joya Formation and underlying strata (Barboza‐Gudino et al, 2014; Cross, 2012; Fastovsky et al, 2005; Mixon et al, 1959; Rubio‐Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021; Rubio‐Cisneros & Lawton, 2011; Rubio‐Cisneros et al, 2011). Although the existence of these angular unconformities is undisputed, there is debate about the magnitude of the angular discordance between beds of the lower and upper parts of the La Boca Formation.…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This formation consists of fluvial and alluvial conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone and shale (Barboza-Gudino et al, 2010;Michalzik, 1991;Rubio-Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021). In contrast, the lower part of the La Boca Formation is composed of rhyolitic to basaltic lava flows and pyroclastic deposits, volcaniclastic conglomerate and sandstone, and mudstone (Barboza-Gudino et al, 2008;Rubio-Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021;Rubio-Cisneros & Lawton, 2011;. The upper part of the La Boca Formation consists of red conglomerate, sandstone and mudstone, with markedly fewer volcanic rocks than the lower part (Rubio-Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021;Rubio-Cisneros & Lawton, 2011;.…”

Section: Latest Triassic To Jurassic Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the suggestions of previous workers such as Imlay et al (1948) and Anderson and Schmidt (1983), Barboza‐Gudino et al (2008) correlated the La Boca Formation with the Lower to Middle Jurassic Nazas Formation to the west, making the La Boca Formation a Nazas Igneous Province deposit (Lawton & Molina‐Garza, 2014; Martini & Ortega‐Gutierrez, 2018). In the study area, the La Joya Formation is 6–60 m thick (Rubio‐Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021). It has a basal conglomerate that is overlain by red sandstone and siltstone (Michalzik, 1991; Rubio‐Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021; Rubio‐Cisneros & Lawton, 2011; Rubio‐Cisneros et al, 2011).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study area, the La Joya Formation is 6–60 m thick (Rubio‐Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021). It has a basal conglomerate that is overlain by red sandstone and siltstone (Michalzik, 1991; Rubio‐Cisneros & Holbrook, 2021; Rubio‐Cisneros & Lawton, 2011; Rubio‐Cisneros et al, 2011). Limestone beds up to tens of centimetres thick are present locally in the La Joya Formation (Michalzik, 1991; Mixon et al, 1959).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Provenance and maximum depositional ages of Upper Triassic and Jurassic sandstone, north‐eastern Mexico

et al. 2022

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Upper Triassic to lowest Upper Jurassic strata in north‐eastern Mexico record surface processes during the early rifting that led to the opening of the Gulf of Mexico. Exposed near Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas and northwest to Galeana, Nuevo Leon, these continental deposits are called the Huizachal Group. Several key questions about these strata hamper their integration into a regional understanding of Late Triassic and Jurassic sediment routing and deposition. First, the depositional age of the stratigraphically lowest unit, the El Alamar Formation, is less well established than the depositional ages of the stratigraphically higher parts of the succession, leading to questions about the timinig of the onset of tectonic context, and regional correlation of these strata. Second, better knowledge of provenance and sediment routing, including fluvial transport distance, can help determine whether and when the depositional basin was split into subbasins versus connected by a throughgoing river system. This study uses sandstone detrital zircon U‐Pb isotopic ages and clast compositions to constrain depositional ages and reconstruct tectonic setting and provenance. Detrital zircon U‐Pb ages yielded a maximum depositional age of 210 Ma for the part of the El Alamar Formation exposed near Galeana, younger than previously determined. Although long‐distance (>100 km) sediment transport cannot be ruled out, the sources for Huizachal Group sandstone framework grains and detrital zircon could have been entirely local, within about 100 km. Alluvial deposits and pyroclastic and lava flows likewise indicate transport of no more than 100 km. We therefore infer deposition in partitioned rift basins receiving sediment from local sources. These data and interpretations contribute to understanding surface processes during the initial rifting that eventually led to opening of the Gulf of Mexico.

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Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Latest Triassic To Jurassic Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Provenance and maximum depositional ages of Upper Triassic and Jurassic sandstone, north‐eastern Mexico

et al. 2022

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Paleoclimate quantitative reconstruction and characteristics of continental red beds: a case study of the lower fourth sub-member of Shahejie Formation in the Bonan Sag

Wang

et al. 2023

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Varied origins have the ability to construct the continental red beds, such as paleoclimate, provenance, drainage status, etc. Reconstructing paleoclimate is the key to investigate the origin. Thus, this paper outlines the normal distribution constrained method (NDCM) to reconstruct paleoclimate quantitatively and accurately during the lower fourth sub-member of Shahejie (Es4x) in the Bonan Sag, which is in low requirement of data and environmental conditions. Based on the NDCM, the paleoclimate is still in a long-term arid background as the potential evapotranspiration rates (PERs) are larger than 6 in the transgressive system tract (TST) and regressive system tract (RST) during the period of Es4x. The decreasing PERs that range from 6.28 to 6.04, decreasing atmospheric temperature range from 14.37 to 13.95 °C and increasing mean precipitation of the wettest month and mean precipitation of the driest month indicate the paleoclimate is breaking away from the hot and arid background from TST to RST. Meanwhile, the paleoclimate fluctuation develops decreasing frequency and increasing amplitude which can be inferred from the increasing standard deviation (std), Th/K and Th/U curves. The hot and arid background is still the main origin of red color during the Es4x. Moreover, the other origin may also develop since there is no clear law between red coloration and the developing location of sediments.

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Structures, architecture, vertical profiles, palaeohydrology and taphonomy of an upper‐flow‐regime‐dominated fluvial system, the Triassic Dockum Group of the Palo Duro Canyon, Texas

Walker

Holbrook

2022

Sedimentology

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Triassic strata of the Tecovas and Trujillo formations in the Palo Duro Canyon of West Texas record deposition dominated throughout by upper‐flow‐regime channel flow. These strata provide an opportunity for new insights into the architecture, floodplain/channel processes, vertical profiles, palaeohydrology and taphonomy typical of broader upper‐flow‐regime‐dominated fluvial systems. Thicker channel‐fills (ca 2 m, aspect ratio ca 24) host upper‐plane‐bed, symmetrical antidune, breaking‐antidune, chute‐and‐pool, and cyclic‐step structures. The thinner channel‐fill population (<1 m, aspect ratio ca 35) comprises upper‐plane‐bed and some antidune structures. Some of the larger channel fills developed low‐angle downstream‐accreting bars, with rare examples of laterally accreting side‐attached bars. This appears to be the first documentation of an ancient upper‐flow‐regime side‐attached bar. Lamina orientation of structures parallel accretion surfaces because these followed the original bed surface, and structures drop in flow regime down the bar surfaces as formative Froude numbers also declined. A generalized vertical sequence for large upper‐flow‐regime channel storeys has upper‐plane‐bed structures above the basal scour, transitioning upward into higher flow regime structures (for example, antidunes, cyclic steps, etc.), then back to a mix of upper‐plane‐bed and antidunes or lower‐flow‐regime structures towards the top. The Tecovas Formation and overlying Trujillo Sandstone both bear layers of cross‐cutting laterally amalgamated valley fills, multivalleys, and are separated by a regional sequence boundary. Calculated palaeodischarges for Tecovas (ca 90 m3/s) and Trujillo (ca 76 m3/s) rivers record flow at the stage where symmetrical antidunes were deposited. These discharges occurred at some point on the falling limb of a flood hydrograph of currently unknown shape. Slopes for the rivers were on the order of 10−4 to 10−5, consistent with typical continental‐interior rivers. Large and flashy discharge was, thus, the likely cause for supercritical‐flow conditions instead of excessive slopes. Rivers in both the Tecovas and Trujillo formations record a fluvial system developed in a tropical to subtropical megamonsoonal environment. The tendency for preservation of metre‐scale channel‐fills and catastrophic inundations of floodplains and lakes in single floods has also made the Dockum Group a prolific preserver of large Triassic vertebrates.

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Fluvial interpretations of stratigraphic surfaces across Upper Triassic to Lower-Middle Jurassic continental red beds northeastern Mexico

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Provenance and maximum depositional ages of Upper Triassic and Jurassic sandstone, north‐eastern Mexico

Provenance and maximum depositional ages of Upper Triassic and Jurassic sandstone, north‐eastern Mexico

Paleoclimate quantitative reconstruction and characteristics of continental red beds: a case study of the lower fourth sub-member of Shahejie Formation in the Bonan Sag

Structures, architecture, vertical profiles, palaeohydrology and taphonomy of an upper‐flow‐regime‐dominated fluvial system, the Triassic Dockum Group of the Palo Duro Canyon, Texas

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