Fluvial geomorphology and flood-risk management

Arnaud‐Fassetta, Gilles; Astrade, Laurent; Bardou, E.; Corbonnois, Jeannine; Delahaye, Daniel; Fort, Monique; Gautier, Emmanuèle; Jacob, Nicolas; Peiry, Jean‐Luc; Piégay, Hervé; Penven, Marie-Josée

doi:10.4000/geomorphologie.7554

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Bedload transport by rivers is of great interest, especially considering its effect on river morphology, which in turn has impacts on hazards (Arnaud‐Fassetta et al ., ), groundwater levels (Sear et al ., ; Bayani, ), and ecology (Pitlick and Van Steeter, ). Despite more than a century of research, bedload modeling remains a challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Morphological Print of Bedload Transport

Recking

Piton

Vázquez‐Tarrío

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Bedload and river morphology interact in a strong feedback manner. Bedload conditions the development of river morphology along different space and time scales; however, by concentrating the flow in preferential paths, a given morphology controls bedload for a given discharge. As bedload is a non‐linear response of shear stress, local morphology is likely to have a strong impact on bedload prediction when the shear stress is averaged over the section, as is usually done. This was investigated by comparing bedload measured in different bed morphologies (step‐pool, plane bed, riffle‐pool, braiding, and sand beds), with bedload measured in narrow flumes in the absence of any bed form, used here as a reference. The initial methodology consisted of fitting a bedload equation to the flume data. Secondly, the morphological signature of each river was studied as the distance to this referent equation. It was concluded that each morphology affects bedload in a different way. For a given average grain shear stress, the larger the river, the larger the deviation from the flume transport. Narrow streams are those morphologies that behave more like flumes; this is particularly true with flat beds, whereas results deviate from flumes to a greater extent in step‐pools. The riffle‐pool's morphology impacts bedload at different levels depending on the degree of bar development, considered here through the ratio D84/D50 which is used as a proxy for the local bed patchiness and morphology. In braiding rivers morphological effects are important but difficult to assess because width is dependent on transport rate. Bed morphology was found to have negligible effects in sand bed rivers where the Shields stress is usually sufficiently high to minimize the non‐linearity effects when hydraulics is averaged over the section. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Morphological Print of Bedload Transport

Recking

Piton

Vázquez‐Tarrío

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…The physiographic approach is based on the historical relationship of floodplains with floods. The floodplain geomorphology is essentially shaped by flood‐driven phenomena, thereby providing sufficient indications of the flood exposure of a given area (Arnaud‐Fassetta et al ., ). Several studies have demonstrated that the flood‐prone areas can be delineated using methods that rely on geomorphologic feature characterization of a river basin (Wolman, ; Noman et al ., ; Gallant and Dowling, ; McGlynn and Seibert, ; Dodov and Foufoula‐Georgiou, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Faster and Economical Approach to Floodplain Mapping Using Soil Information

Sangwan

Merwade

2015

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Flood inundation maps play a key role in assessment and mitigation of potential flood hazards. However, owing to high costs associated with the conventional flood mapping methods, many communities in the United States lack flood inundation maps. The objective of this study is to develop and examine an economical alternative approach to floodplain mapping using widely available soil survey geographic (SSURGO) database. In this study, floodplain maps are developed for the entire state of Indiana, and some counties in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Washington states by identifying flood‐prone soil map units based on their attributes. For validation, the flood extents obtained from SSURGO database are compared with the extents from other floodplain maps such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency issued flood insurance rate maps (FIRMs), flood extents observed during past floods, and flood maps derived using digital elevation models. In general, SSURGO‐based floodplain maps (SFMs) are largely in agreement with other flood inundation maps. Specifically, the floodplain extents from SFMs cover 78‐95% area compared to FIRMs and observed flood extents. Thus, albeit with a slight loss in accuracy, the SSURGO approach offers an economical and fast alternative for floodplain mapping. In particular, it has potentially high utility in areas where no detailed flood studies have been conducted.

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“…It is important to recognize that the current concept of risk takes on different meaning depending on the cultures and the periods considered (Kasperson et al, 2005;Arnaud-Fassetta et al, 2009;Bradford et al, 2012). As such, since the 1980's, interdisciplinary studies involving archaeologists, geoarchaeologists and historians have been engaged to examine possible alluvial risks during the Roman period to cities (Bravard, Burnouf, & Vérot, 1989;Bravard et al, 1990;Allinne, 2007;Leveau, 2008;Arnaud-Fassetta et al, 2010) and deltaic areas (Arnaud-Fassetta & Landuré, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Term Interactions between the Roman City of Ostia and Its Paleomeander, Tiber Delta, Italy

et al. 2016

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This study examines the long term interactions between the well-known Roman city of Ostia and a river meander. Located at the mouth of the Tiber River, Ostia was a major harbor city that connected Rome to the Mediterranean Sea. Based on aerial photography and boreholes analysis, the paleodynamics of the Fiume Morto's paleomeander are understood to be linked to the urban evolution of the city of Ostia. Four periods of evolution have been identified as a result of this interdisciplinary work: (1) the foundation of Ostia's urban center, in the 4 th -3 rd century BC, occurred when the meander already existed;(2) between the 4 th century BC and the 3 rd century AD, human/environmental interactions contributed to the compound growing of the meander which possibly eroded an important Roman road linking Ostia to Rome; (3) from the Imperial period until the meander was cut off in AD 1557-1562, the constricted meander channel at the apex led to the stability of the downstream river channel; (4) the cut off of the paleomeander was completed in 1562, leading to the filling of the paleochannel. These successive phases of channel evolution mark changing fluvial risks from the Roman period to today.

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Fluvial geomorphology and flood-risk management

Cited by 45 publications

References 15 publications

Quantifying the Morphological Print of Bedload Transport

Quantifying the Morphological Print of Bedload Transport

A Faster and Economical Approach to Floodplain Mapping Using Soil Information

Long‐Term Interactions between the Roman City of Ostia and Its Paleomeander, Tiber Delta, Italy

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