Fluvial erosion measurements of streambank using Photo-Electronic Erosion Pins (PEEP)

Bertrand, Fabienne

doi:10.17077/etd.ehp6gpn4

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 110 publications

(216 reference statements)

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“…Past research (e.g. Lawler, , , , ; Bertrand, ; Zaimes and Schultz, ) demonstrates the utility of Photo‐Electronic Erosion Pins (PEEPs) for measuring quasi‐continuous retreat lengths in response to different hydrologic events. A PEEP is a simple, optoelectronic device containing a series of either photo‐resistant or photo‐voltaic cells (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding mass fluvial erosion along a bank profile: using PEEP technology for quantifying retreat lengths and identifying event timing

Papanicolaou

Wilson

Tsakiris

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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This study provides fundamental examination of mass fluvial erosion along a stream bank by identifying event timing, quantifying retreat lengths, and providing ranges of incipient shear stress for hydraulically driven erosion. Mass fluvial erosion is defined here as the detachment of thin soil layers or conglomerates from the bank face under higher hydraulic shear stresses relative to surface fluvial erosion, or the entrainment of individual grains or aggregates under lower hydraulic shear stresses. We explore the relationship between the two regimes in a representative, US Midwestern stream with semi‐cohesive bank soils, namely Clear Creek, IA. Photo‐Electronic Erosion Pins (PEEPs) provide, for the first time, in situ measurements of mass fluvial erosion retreat lengths during a season. The PEEPs were installed at identical locations where surface fluvial erosion measurements exist for identifying the transition point between the two regimes. This transition is postulated to occur when the applied shear stress surpasses a second threshold, namely the critical shear stress for mass fluvial erosion. We hypothesize that the regimes are intricately related and surface fluvial erosion can facilitate mass fluvial erosion. Selective entrainment of unbound/exposed, mostly silt‐sized particles at low shear stresses over sand‐sized sediment can armor the bank surface, limiting the removal of the underlying soil. The armoring here is enhanced by cementation from the presence of optimal levels of sand and clay. Select studies show that fluvial erosion strength can increase several‐fold when appropriate amounts of sand and clay are mixed and cement together. Hence, soil layers or conglomerates are entrained with higher flows. The critical shear stress for mass fluvial erosion was found to be an order of magnitude higher than that of surface fluvial erosion, and proceeded with higher (approximately 2–4 times) erodibility. The results were well represented by a mechanistic detachment model that captures the two regimes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding mass fluvial erosion along a bank profile: using PEEP technology for quantifying retreat lengths and identifying event timing

Papanicolaou

Wilson

Tsakiris

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

Self Cite

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“…The time series was first smoothed with an 8-hour interval moving average. The 8-hour moving interval was used herein since larger time intervals would provide similar results, based on our analysis with 11-hour and 24-hour moving intervals (Bertrand, 2010). This movingaverage approach was effective as it resulted to more stable daily peaks and more visible erosion-related increases (black dashed line in Figure 6.9b) comparatively to the nonmoving-averaged (black dashed line in Figure 6.9a).…”

Section: Peep Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…One of the overarching goals of this study is the development of a methodology for quantifying mass erosion using in-situ, novel approaches that could adequately capture retreat length magnitude and timing in response to changes in stage (e.g., Hilldale and Raff, 2008;Muste et al, 2012). Recent research in geomorphology and estuarine dynamics (e.g., Lawler, 1991;1992;Lawler, 2005;Lawler, 2008;Bertrand, 2010) has…”

Section: Field Component: Mass Erosional Strength Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PEEPs have been recently utilized to monitor erosion rates in several bank erosion studies in the U.K. and to a lesser extent in the U.S.A. (e.g., Lawler, 2008;Bertrand, 2010).…”

Section: Field Component: Mass Erosional Strength Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The An integral component of the photo-resistant PEEP system is the reference PEEP sensor (Bertrand, 2010). The reference PEEP was mounted on a cement block surface and secured on the nearby floodplain for sites 1 and 2 ( Fig.…”

Section: Peep Component Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bank erosion processes in streams in the U.S. Midwest

Sutarto¹

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Udział procesów mrozowych w rozwoju brzegów rzecznych

Augustowski

Kukulak

2017

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The aim of this article is to determine the share of frost processes in the annual balance of river bank erosion. Rates of erosional retreat of river banks in Podhale (boundary zone between the Central and Outer Carpathians) were measured for the hydrological year 2013-2014. Bank erosion during the winter half year was caused mainly by frost phenomena (ground ice and needle ice) and during the summer half year -by fluvial processes and mass movements (undercutting, slumping). The share of erosion by fluvial processes in the yearly progress of bank retreat (this amounted to 71 cm on average) was four times greater than by frost processes, including mass movements. The effects of erosion by frost processes were greatest in the upper parts of banks, built mostly of fine-grained alluvia, while the lower parts, built largely of gravel, were mostly eroded by fluvial processes.

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Fluvial erosion measurements of streambank using Photo-Electronic Erosion Pins (PEEP)

Cited by 4 publications

References 110 publications

Understanding mass fluvial erosion along a bank profile: using PEEP technology for quantifying retreat lengths and identifying event timing

Understanding mass fluvial erosion along a bank profile: using PEEP technology for quantifying retreat lengths and identifying event timing

Bank erosion processes in streams in the U.S. Midwest

Udział procesów mrozowych w rozwoju brzegów rzecznych

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