Flupirtine attenuates sodium nitroprusside-induced damage to retinal photoreceptors, in situ

Fawcett, Rebecca; Osborne, Neville N.

doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.04.002

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The authors suggested that the NO-induced increase in S-nitrosation at photoreceptor level is responsible for ERG signal amplification since cGMP or cAMP pathways were not involved. Although previous studies reported reduced ERG amplitudes and retinal citotoxicity induced by NO donors [49], [50], in this study the authors showed that the effect of NO is dose-dependent and indeed, for higher doses, it decreases ERGs. MDMA administration was found to be associated with increased NOS activity and NO production [51].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Administration on Retinal Physiology in the Rat

et al. 2011

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3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) is known to produce euphoric states, but may also cause adverse consequences in humans, such as hyperthermia and neurocognitive deficits. Although MDMA consumption has been associated with visual problems, the effects of this recreational drug in retinal physiology have not been addressed hitherto. In this work, we evaluated the effect of a single MDMA administration in the rat electroretinogram (ERG). Wistar rats were administered MDMA (15 mg/kg) or saline and ERGs were recorded before (Baseline ERG), and 3 h, 24 h, and 7 days after treatment. A high temperature (HT) saline-treated control group was also included. Overall, significantly augmented and shorter latency ERG responses were found in MDMA and HT groups 3 h after treatment when compared to Baseline. Twenty-four hours after treatment some of the alterations found at 3 h, mainly characterized by shorter latency, tended to return to Baseline values. However, MDMA-treated animals still presented increased scotopic a-wave and b-wave amplitudes compared to Baseline ERGs, which were independent of temperature elevation though the latter might underlie the acute ERG alterations observed 3 h after MDMA administration. Seven days after MDMA administration recovery from these effects had occurred. The effects seem to stem from specific changes observed at the a-wave level, which indicates that MDMA affects subacutely (at 24 h) retinal physiology at the outer retinal (photoreceptor/bipolar) layers. In conclusion, we have found direct evidence that MDMA causes subacute enhancement of the outer retinal responses (most prominent in the a-wave), though ERG alterations resume within one week. These changes in photoreceptor/bipolar cell physiology may have implications for the understanding of the subacute visual manifestations induced by MDMA in humans.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Administration on Retinal Physiology in the Rat

et al. 2011

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“…Trx (Tanito et al, 2002a; Tanito et al, 2002b)) and other antioxidants such as DMTU (dimethylthiourea) (Organisciak et al, 1999; Ranchon et al, 1999), PBN (phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone) (Ranchon et al, 2001; Ranchon et al, 2003), curcumin (Mandal et al, 2009), flupirtine (Fawcett and Osborne, 2007), and others were reported to be able to protect photoreceptor or RPE cells against oxidative stress-induced damage including light-damage (Komeima et al, 2006). Sulforaphane (SF), an inducer of phase II detoxification enzymes and inhibitor of phase I enzymes (Gao and Talalay, 2004; Kong et al, 2009; Kong et al, 2007; Tanito et al, 2005), have also been shown to inhibit retinal degeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoceria extend photoreceptor cell lifespan in tubby mice by modulation of apoptosis/survival signaling pathways

Kong

Cai

Zhou

et al. 2011

Neurobiology of Disease

136

108

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Cerium oxide nanoparticles, nanoceria, are inorganic antioxidants that have catalytic activities which mimic those of the neuroprotective enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. We have previously shown that nanoceria preserve retinal morphology and prevent loss of retinal function in a rat light damage model. In this study, the homozygous tubby mutant mouse, which exhibits inherited early progressive cochlear and retinal degeneration, was used as a model to test the ability of nanoceria to slow the progression of retinal degeneration. Tubby mice were injected systemically, intracardially, with 20 µl of 1mM nanoceria in saline, at postnatal day 10 and subsequently at P20 and P30 whereas saline injected and uninjected wild type (or heterozygous tubby) served as injected and uninjected controls, respectively. Assays for retinal function, morphology and signaling pathway gene expression were performed on P34 mice. Our data demonstrate that nanoceria protect the retina by decreasing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), up-regulating the expression of neuroprotection-associated genes; down-regulating apoptosis signaling pathways and/or up-regulating survival signaling pathways to slow photoreceptor degeneration. These data suggest that nanoceria have significant potential as global agents for therapeutic treatment of inherited retinal degeneration and most types of ocular diseases.

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“…It is postulated that nitric oxide donors, like nitrites, induce the upregulation of nitric oxide synthase, thereby prolonging nitric oxide production. Nitric oxide may be directly toxic to the macula, and it has been shown that photoreceptors are among the most sensitive retinal neurons to its toxic effects 19. Nitric oxide also activates guanylate cyclase,20 21 which is expected to decrease light sensitivity and experimentally, in rat retinas without foveas, nitric oxide potentiates the light responses of cones and decreases that of rods 22.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poppers: legal highs with questionable contents? A case series of poppers maculopathy

et al. 2017

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Flupirtine attenuates sodium nitroprusside-induced damage to retinal photoreceptors, in situ

Cited by 15 publications

References 62 publications

Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Administration on Retinal Physiology in the Rat

Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Administration on Retinal Physiology in the Rat

Nanoceria extend photoreceptor cell lifespan in tubby mice by modulation of apoptosis/survival signaling pathways

Poppers: legal highs with questionable contents? A case series of poppers maculopathy

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