Fluoropolymers, Organic

Abstract

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Fluoroplastics 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Polytetrafluoroethylene 2.2.1. Production 2.2.2. Properties 2.2.3. Processing 2.2.4. Uses 2.3. Tetrafluoroethylene‐Hexafluoropropylene Copolymers 2.3.1. Production 2.3.2. Properties 2.3.3. Processing 2.3.4. Uses 2.4. Tetrafluoroethylene‐Perfluoro‐(Propyl Vinyl Ether) Copolymers 2.4.1. Production 2.4.2. Properties 2.4.3. Processing 2.4.4. Uses 2.5. Tetrafluoroethylene‐Ethylene Copolymers 2.5.1. Production 2.5.2. Properties 2.5.3. Processing 2.5.4. Uses 2.6. Polychlorotrifluoroethylene 2.6.1. Production 2.6.2. Properties 2.6.3. Processing 2.6.4. Uses 2.7. Chlorotrifluoroethylene‐Ethylene Copolymers 2.7.1. Production 2.7.2. Properties 2.7.3. Processing 2.7.4. Uses 2.8. Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) 2.8.1. Production 2.8.2. Properties 2.8.3. Processing 2.8.4. Uses 2.9. Poly(Vinyl Fluoride) 2.9.1. Production 2.9.2. Properties 2.9.3. Processing 2.9.4. Uses 3. Fluoroelastomers 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Elastomers Based on Vinylidene Fluoride 3.2.1. Production 3.2.2. Properties 3.2.3. Processing 3.2.4. Uses 3.3. Elastomers Based on Tetrafluoroethylene‐Perfluoro(Methyl Vinyl Ether) Copolymers 3.3.1. Production 3.3.2. Properties 3.3.3. Processing and Uses 3.4. Elastomers Based on Tetrafluoroethylene‐Propylene Copolymers 3.4.1. Production 3.4.2. Properties 3.4.3. Processing 3.4.4. Uses 4. Toxicology and Occupational Health 4.1. Fluoroplastics 4.2. Fluoroelastomers 5. Economic Aspects

Electron and gamma irradiation‐induced effects in poly(ethylene‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene) films

“…Fluoropolymers have been well‐known as important thermoplastics because they possess several exceptional features such as good mechanical strength, superior cold and high‐temperature resistance, electrical insulation, and chemical stability 1 . Thus, they have been widely utilized in aerospace, 2 architectures and buildings, 3 nuclear technology, 4,5 and electrochemical devices (as substrates of polymer electrolyte membranes) 6,7 . Although the fluoropolymers have been commonly used in such the fields, their physical–chemical property degradations are frequently observed when they are exposed to internal or external operation conditions 6 .…”

“…Thus, they have been widely utilized in aerospace, 2 architectures and buildings, 3 nuclear technology, 4,5 and electrochemical devices (as substrates of polymer electrolyte membranes) 6,7 . Although the fluoropolymers have been commonly used in such the fields, their physical–chemical property degradations are frequently observed when they are exposed to internal or external operation conditions 6 . Among the fluorinated polymers, poly(ethylene‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) exhibits a special characteristic as it contains the alternative ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene units 8 .…”

Hot Embossing for Whole Teflon Superhydrophobic Surfaces

“…Recently, thermoplastic polymers, such as low-surface-energy materials, have aroused wide concern in recent years [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] because of their strong hydrophobicity, electrical insulating, formable and flexible mechanical properties, and chemical inertness to acids and alkali metals [23][24][25][26]. Therefore, many researchers have explored the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces, based on such a kind of thermoplastic polymer, with various techniques, such as photolithography processes [27][28][29][30], etching techniques [31,32], and polymer imprinting [33][34][35].…”

Poly(caprolactone‐co‐lactide)/perfluoropolyether block copolymers: Synthesis, thermal, and surface characterization

“…Fluorinated polymeric materials present several unusual properties such as chemical inertia, solvent and high‐temperature resistance, barrier properties, low friction coefficient, and low surface tension. In this respect, the possibility of modifying some properties of polymeric materials, and in particular their surface characteristics, by the addition of fluorine‐containing monomers or by physical and/or chemical surface fluorination has been widely studied 1–3…”