Fluorophotometric measurement of human tear turnover rate

Occhipinti, Joseph R.; Mosier, Marjorie A.; LaMotte, James; Monji, Gerald T.

doi:10.3109/02713688809015145

Cited by 50 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[26][27][28] The technique of freezing point depression, nanoliter osmometry, was used for the measurement of microsamples of tears (,1 mL) to determine osmolarity. [29][30][31] Tear osmolarity was measured with Clifton Technical Physics Nanoliter Osmometer (Hartford, NY).…”

Section: Study Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an Oil-in-Water Emulsion on the Tear Physiology of Patients With Mild to Moderate Dry Eye

Khanal

Tomlinson²,

Pearce³

et al. 2007

Cornea

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Section: Study Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an Oil-in-Water Emulsion on the Tear Physiology of Patients With Mild to Moderate Dry Eye

Khanal

Tomlinson²,

Pearce³

et al. 2007

Cornea

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“…Tear turnover, Tt (0/d/min), at each minute (tl) after the instillation of Ft=Ttx Vt/100 (5) STATISTICAL ANALYSIS STAT VIEW software (1988 Abacus Concepts, Inc) was used for the determination of Student's t test, correlation, and regression. A level of p<005 was considered statistically significant.…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of tear clearance rate and fluorophotometric assessment of tear turnover.

Tsubota

1995

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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Participants and methods SUBJECTSThe study group comprised 34 healthy individuals (mean age 58-4 (SD 14-7) years, ranging from 22 to 84 years). Tear turnover was determined in 55 eyes of the subjects. They were examined by slit-lamp microscope without fluorescein to ensure there were no corneal epithelial lesions. Subjects who wore contact lenses, had ocular abnormalities, or systemic diseases related to tear secretion were excluded. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects before the study. INSTRUMENTATIONFluorophotometric measurements were carried out with an FM-500 laser flare meter (Kowa Company Ltd, Japan), consisting of a slit-lamp and a photometric microscope. Light from the fluorescein solution passes through green barrier filters to a photomultiplier whose output can be read on a computerised display. The instrument was adjusted to scan linearly at a 300 angle between the optical axis of the eye and the excitation beam, and at a 600 angle between the optical axis of the eye and the photometric microscope. The tear film meniscus was measured at the centre of the lower lid margin. MEASUREMENT PROCEDUREAutofluorescence of the tear film meniscus was obtained from each eye before fluorophotometry. A 1 ,ul drop of 0 005% sodium fluorescein (50 ,ug/ml) was then instilled into the upper lateral part of the bulbar conjunctiva without touching the eye. The subject was asked to blink with no squeezing so as to homogenise the fluorescein over the tear film. The eye was scanned in a dark room by fluorophotometer every minute for 5 minutes, and subsequently every 1-5 minutes for 12 minutes. The Schirmer test with anaesthesia and the tear clearance rate were administered 1 hour after the fluorophotometric measurement. A 10 ,lI drop of 0-5% fluorescein and 0.40/o oxybuprocaine hydrochloride was instilled into the 1042 on 12 May 2018 by guest. Protected by copyright.

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“…Dynamic interferometric pattern of the lipid layer and meibomian gland dropout were also assessed. Tear turnover rate was measured with a fluorophotometer 16 (Fluorotron Master, Coherent Radiation Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) to monitor the decay of fluorescein from the ocular surface over a 20 min period. A modified dermatological evaporimeter 17 (Servomed, Varberg, Sweden) was used to measure evaporative loss of the tears from the ocular surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tear physiology in dry eye associated with chronic GVHD

Khanal

Tomlinson

2011

Bone Marrow Transplant

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The purpose of this study was to compare tear physiology characteristics of chronic GVHD (cGVHD)-associated dry eye to dry eye caused by Sjogren's syndrome (SS), a extreme form of aqueous-deficient dry eye, and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), the major cause of evaporative dry eye. Tear turnover rate, evaporation and osmolarity along with meibomian gland dropout and lipid layer interferometric patterns were assessed in the right eyes of 12 patients with dry eye associated with cGVHD, 12 age-matched patients with SS and 12 age-sex matched subjects with MGD. In cGVHD, the decrease in tear turnover rate was similar (P ¼ 0.33), but the number of non-functioning meibomian glands was significantly higher (Po0.01) than in SS. Tear evaporation rate in cGVHD dry eye was found to be similar to that in MGD (P ¼ 0.36) and significantly higher than in SS (Po0.01). The lipid layer was most unstable in cGVHD compared with other groups. There was no variation in tear volume across all groups. Although statistical significance was not detected, the mean tear osmolarity (333.51± 14.67mOsm/L) was highest in cGVHD. Major aspects of tear physiology were severely impaired in cGVHDassociated dry eye.

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Fluorophotometric measurement of human tear turnover rate

Cited by 50 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of an Oil-in-Water Emulsion on the Tear Physiology of Patients With Mild to Moderate Dry Eye

Effect of an Oil-in-Water Emulsion on the Tear Physiology of Patients With Mild to Moderate Dry Eye

Correlation of tear clearance rate and fluorophotometric assessment of tear turnover.

Tear physiology in dry eye associated with chronic GVHD

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