Fluorometric and SERS Sensor Systems for Diagnostics and Monitoring of Catecholamine-Dependent Diseases

Optical Sensors for Bacterial Detection

“…Developing a biosensor with the necessary properties for reliable and efficient use in everyday applications is an important task for researchers, because in bacterial detection, it is difficult to meet standards. Fluorescence and SERS sensors are the ones developed most actively for the design of sensor systems for the sensitive, selective and reproducible detection of bacteria and their metabolites as markers for diagnosing a wide range of diseases [174].…”

In-situ H2O2 generation-on-demand based on ZnO2 nanoparticles for optical sensor systems involving peroxidase

“…The development of biosensor systems is an intensively evolving interdisciplinary field of modern analytical, bioanalytical chemistry, as well as material science. [1][2][3][4] Often, it involves the application of enzymes as specific catalytic molecules to accelerate particular chemical reactions. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is a well-studied commercial enzyme that possesses specificity for a broad group of compounds with different properties and structures.…”

“…[11] The pH range of maximum catalytic activity of peroxidase lies between 5 and 6 [12], whereas HRP activity retained between pH 5 and 10. [13][14][15] Among substrates, there are: aromatic amines [4], phenolic compounds [16], and some other substances [17], including immobilization of HRP in various polymer matrixes for determination of bioactive compounds [8] like hydrogen peroxide and organic peroxides [18], catecholamines and their metabolites [10], phenothiazines [19], protein biomarkers (such as Human IgG (HIgG)) [20] and biocomposites based on PDMS-SiO2NPs with co-localization/co-immobilization of enzyme (HRP or laccase) and substrate (3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) or 3,3',5,5'teramethylbencidine (TMB)) to create a complete sensor platform or individual sensor elements. [21][22][23] HRP is widely used in laboratory work as an enzyme that catalyzes peroxidation processes, but at the same time it is an equally important analyte in medicine, chemical and pharmacological research, as well as in the biotechnological industry.…”