Fluorohydrogenate Ionic Liquids, Liquid Crystals, and Plastic Crystals

Partially Naked Fluoride in Solvate Ionic Liquids

“…Fluorohydrogenate ionic liquids where the anion is a fluoride ion solvated by HF, such as [C 2 C 1 im]­[(FH) n F] (C 2 C 1 im + = 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium), have a low melting point and high ionic conductivity. Unfortunately, the strong F···H bond suppresses the activity (nakedness) of the fluoride ion in (FH) n F – , − but nonetheless, this suggests the possibility of producing an ionic liquid with near-naked fluoride by incorporating a hydrogen bond donor (HBD)/ligand weaker than HF. Such an approach shares conceptual similarities of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), − where mixing a salt and HBD at an appropriate molar ratio (often 1:2) produces a low-melting-point liquid, and solvate ionic liquids (SILs), − where mixing a salt and ligand (often a glyme in a 1:1 molar ratio) also results in a low-melting-point liquid.…”

Electrolytes and Cathode Designs for Next Generation of Silicon‐based Batteries – Comprehensive Experimental and Computational Considerations

“…To the best of our knowledge, species characterization was focused on solid state and gaseous phase analysis. [35][36][37] Liquid phase analysis was focused solely on electrolytic properties, [27,30,38] with speciation distribution and its effect on electrolyte performance still lacking in understanding. The main challenge is the wide scope of organic solvents that can be incorporated in various cell designs for which, each material possesses distinct characteristics impacting speciation and solute behavior.…”

“…Physical characterization accompanied by new density function theory (DFT) modeling can illuminate the experimental results and assist in extrapolation towards new cell designs. To the best of our knowledge, species characterization was focused on solid state and gaseous phase analysis [35–37] . Liquid phase analysis was focused solely on electrolytic properties, [27,30,38] with speciation distribution and its effect on electrolyte performance still lacking in understanding.…”