Fluorine-doped nanocrystalline SnO2 powders prepared via a single molecular precursor method as anode materials for Li-ion batteries

Fluoride based electrode materials for advanced energy storage devices

“…The fluorine was either introduced into the bulk of the oxide-based materials by substitution of fluorine for oxygen throughout the entire lattice, or limited to the surface of materials via surface fluorination. Although fluorine doping was also applied to conversion materials such as tin oxide [6][7][8], we will limit ourselves to the review of intercalation materials doped with fluorine and its subsequent effect on materials electrochemical properties. We will also take a close look at novel fluoride-based intercalation materials such as fluorophosphates and LiAMF 6 compounds.…”

Synthesis of tin oxide nanosized crystals embedded in silica matrix through sol–gel process using alkoxide precursors

“…The IR spectrum of SC90 sample exhibits the same bands at 470, 1078 and 1215 cm À1 associated to SiAOASi and SiAO bonds showing that a silica network is formed even though the Si content in this sample is as low as 10%. The absorption band associated to the SnAOASn bonds located at 670 cm À1 [31][32][33] was appeared for the hydrated Sn(OR) 4 . A band at around 700 cm À1 shown in SC90 may be also attributed to the SnAOASn and its shift to high frequency may be due to the influence of SiAO related bonding.…”

Preparation, characterization and electrical properties of fluorine-doped tin dioxide nanocrystals

“…The doped SnO 2 , due to its wide band gap (3.67 eV), high optical transmittance in the visible range and good substrate adherence, has many potential applications such as gas sensors [6], solar energy conversion [7], infrared-reflecting glass [8], antistatic coatings [9] and transparent electrode preparation [10,11]. F [12], Sb [13], Ni [14], Co [15], Mn [16], etc., have been used as dopants for SnO 2 . Fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO), in which fluorine atoms replace the oxygen sites in the lattice creating free electrons to promote higher conductivity in the samples [17], is an n-type transparent conducting oxide (TCO).…”