Fluorine Content of Plants

Macintire, W. H.; Winterberg, S. H.; Thompson, Jameel; Hatcher, Bonnie

doi:10.1021/ie50396a011

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A large input of fluorine carried by superphosphate, supplemented by wollar;tonite, caused no increases in fluorine content of successive crops (9), and good crops that showed normal content of fluorine resulted from incorporations of quenched calcium silicate slag that contained 2% of fluo~irie (4). The findings 01 Sherman, McHargue, and Hageman (13) indicate that the content of calcium fluoride in the slag, or calcium silicofluoride, may induce a beneficial oxidation of manganous materials native to the soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental conditions whereby the single applications of hydrofluoric acid supplied 100, 400, and 800 pounds of fluorine per acre may be considered, respectively, as "possible," "improbable," and "unthinkable" acquisitions that a field soil might acquire as hydrofluoric acid directly from a polluted atmosphere. Even such "possible" acquisitions would be spread over a considerable period, during which the fluorine ion would become fixed (1) and would migrate but slightly into plant tops (9), or into the rain water leachings (5,6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In marked contrast to the meager concentration of solute fluorides that inputs of calcium fluoride impart to the free water of the soil (5), without inducing measurable effect upon soil pH, inputs of calcium silicate slag impart relatively high concentrations of fluoric solutes to the rain water drainage (6) and induce elevations in soil pH. Nevertheless, substantial incorporations of the fluorine-bearing slag induced no significant increase in the uptake of fluorine by various crops (4, 9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop and Soil Reactions to Applications of Hydrofluoric Acid

Maclntire¹,

Winterberg²,

Clements³

et al. 1951

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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T h e experimental objective was to determine effects that hydrofluoric acid, as increments derived directly from the atmosphere, induces upon soil reaction and fertility, upon seedings, upon subsequent plant growth, and upon the uptake of fluorine.Yields, fluorine uptake, and soil acidity were not affected significantly by applications of hydrofluoric acid that were in simulation to increments that would be expected to reach the soil through rain and dew in contrast to the effects induced by parallels of hydrochloric acid.In a humid region, soils of the type used would not be rendered less fertile through increments of effluent hydrofluoric acid in quantities that would be expected to come directly from the atmosphere at points not immediate to emissions. Under such conditions, and with adequacy of calcium in the soil, possible enhancements in the fluorine content of forage vegetation would be chargeable to its pollution directly from the atmosphere rather than to uptake from the soil. IVESTOCK production, floriculture, and horticulture are L purported to be affected adversely in certain localities where the atmosphere has been contaminated through fluoric emission6 from manufacturing operations. In 1943, 29 industrial pi ocessei were listed ( l a ) as causing such emissions from components iiative to the materials processed or from additive reactants, such as fluorspar, 406,000 tons of which were used in 1949 ( 2 ) .Fluoric compounds are dispelled from five distinct operatiom in the processings of rock phosphate and of slag in Maury County of middle Tennessee, but in Blount County of east Tennehsre the emissions are from a major operation in which molten cryolite is used as the solvent for alumina in the manufacture of aluminum. In both counties, however, the emissions are chiefly hydrofluoric acid, the dispersion of which may occur as a gaseom phase, as mists, as fogs, and as droplets, according to discharge volume, distance, topography, prevailing winds, and other meteorological conditions and to concomitant ocrurrence of particulates and aerosols.Many farmers in the two Tennessee counties now contend that the fluoric emissions contaminate their forage crops and that the ingestion of the contaminated vegetation is causing their liveetock to suffer the tooth, bone, and degenerative effects that spell fluorosis (1). Because of such contentions, and because the Middle Tennessee Experiment Station is located near the sevei a1 011-erations that process rock phosphate and slag in Maury County, and because the university owns an experimental farm near the aluminum operations in Blount County, the Agricultural Experiment Station inaugurated an over-all chemistry-animal husbandry study of the effects of atmospheric effluents upon plant and animal life in the two designated locales. The urgency of the situation was recognized by several organizations among those that operate in the two counties and they are cooperating and collaborating in the furtherance of the current investigation.The jointly-conducted study develop...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Crop and Soil Reactions to Applications of Hydrofluoric Acid

Maclntire¹,

Winterberg²,

Clements³

et al. 1951

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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“…The University of Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station, fluorine occurrences in forage vegetation on fluorineenriched soils have been studied through pot culture and iysimeter experiments (6,9). Experimentally grown crops did not acquire abnormal contents of fluorine from rational incorporations of fluorides in soils adequately supplied with calcium through inputs of either wollastonite or limestone (8).…”

Section: Chemistry and Animal Husbandry Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Fluorine, Fluorine Acquired by Forage Cultures in Outdoor and Washed Atmospheres at Columbia, Tenn.

Maclntire¹,

Hardin²,

Hardison³

1954

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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47.7% in the high protein dietary lot to 55.0% in the low protein group receiving Aureomycin. From these data the highprotein dietary levels appear to decrease the total solids content of hams; however, the variance mean squares were not significant, but appreciable. The observation that the hams having the greatest protein content also have the greatest water (volatile matter) content is in agreement with the knowledge that muscle contains more water than nonmuscular tissues, such as fat.

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“…F, but few extensive or systematic compilations of analyses are available. A series of publications by Maclntire et al (1942Maclntire et al ( , 1947Maclntire et al ( , 1951Maclntire et al ( , 1954, values cited in a review by McClure (1949), and surveys in the Tennessee area (Merriman and Hobbs, 1962;Merriman et al, 1956) indicate that normal fluoride values are probably 5 to 10 p.p.m. for legumes, and about half of this for grasses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%