Fluorine‐Containing Drugs Approved by the FDA in 2018

Abstract

Over the last two decades, fluorine substitution has become one of the essential structural traits in modern pharmaceuticals. Thus, about half of the most successful drugs (blockbuster drugs) contain fluorine atoms. In this review, we profile 17 fluorine‐containing drugs approved by the food and drug administration (FDA) in 2018. The newly approved pharmaceuticals feature several types of aromatic F and CF3, as well as aliphatic (CF2) substitution, offering advances in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, HIV, malarial and smallpox infections.

New Substituted Benzoylthiourea Derivatives: From Design to Antimicrobial Applications

“…In the last 15 years the fluoro-derivatives class has flourished. In 2018 FDA approved 17 new molecules, among which fostamatinib, baloxavir, marboxil, doravirine, ivosidenib, and apalutamide [28]. The isosteric modification, consisting of replacing hydrogen with fluorine, modifies the steric and electronic properties of the resulting molecules, affecting their metabolic transformations because of the relative stability given by the C-F energy bond (485.7 kJ/mol) [29].…”

Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of Nine‐Membered CF3‐Substituted Heterocycles Using a Single Chiral Ligand: Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Ring Expansion with Kinetic Resolution

“…Theb reakdown of drug databases may potentially become ap owerful tool in medicinal chemistry to identify several privileged structures and functional groups for drug design. [1] Fluorine-containing organic compounds, [2] nitrogen heterocycles, [3] and chiral molecules [4] are representative examples of structures and functional groups that have already garnered medicinal interest. In recent decades,t he presence of fluorinated organic molecules in agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals,a nd related disciplines has become increasingly prominent.…”

Synthesis of 4-amino-5-fluoropyrimidines and 5-amino-4-fluoropyrazoles from a β-fluoroenolate salt

“…These compounds act against HIV or HIV-related diseases [26], such as opportunistic fungal infections, and represent nucleoside analogues which can either act as antimetabolites or as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Two of the most common 5-fluoropyrimidines are the cytostatic 5-fluorouracil (1) [27] and the antimycotic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (2) [28,29], which is also part of the anti-HIV agents emtricitabine [30] (ingredient of Truvada ® ) and capecitabine [31] (Xeloda ® ) (see Figure 1) [32,33].…”