Fluorides of Copper, Silver, Gold, and Palladium

Abstract

Dedicated to Professor Rudolf Hoppe on the occasion of his 65th birthdayFluorine, by far the most reactive of the non-metals, is capable of forming a large number of compounds with nearly all other elements (exceptions (so far): He, Ne, and Ar), even under comparatively "mild" reaction conditions. These compounds usually differ markedly from those of the heavier halogens in composition, structure, and chemical and physical properties. Thus, for example, it is generally quite easy to prepare fluorides containing elements in high oxidation states (often their maximum), as in AgF,, CsAgF4, PdF3, CsAuF, etc., whereas the corresponding chlorides, bromides or iodides are in many cases (still) unknown. Conversely, the synthesis of fluorides containing these elements in middle or low oxidation states often meets with considerable difficulty, even where it is possible at all, as, e.g., in the case of CuF, AuF, PtF,, SeF,. Finally, there are also some examples of compounds MX,, which with X = F are stable, but with X = C1 are unstable or decompose easily (e.g. CoFJCoCI,, VF4/VC14, PbF4/PbC14, AsF,/AsCI,). Consequently, fluorine compounds are of great general interest.

Yellow emission bands produced during gold etching inO2-CF4rf g

“…One such reaction 1S AuF3+O~AuF+F20 . 0 atoms are known to be present in oxygen-containing plasmas, and AuF3 is known to be relatively volatile [13]. The volatility of AuF3 may, in fact, account for why gold films can be etched in Oz-CF4 and 02-SF& plasmas.…”

Copper(I) hexafluoroantimonate – an example of a compound with CuI in a solely fluorine environment

“…Additionally it has to be mentioned, that apart from CuAsF 6 [8], fluorides of Cu I are so far unknown [9,10] in contrast to copper(I) oxides or chlorides [9]. The expression ''fluorides'' refers only to compounds with Cu I -F chemical bonds.…”

Synthesis of RbREF4 (RE=Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Tb) and RbRE2F7 (Dy, Ho, Er and Yb) under non-aqueous conditions

“…7 F 5 , 5 D 4 ! 7 F 4 , and 5 corresponding excitation spectra of RbHo 2 F 7 are shown in Fig. 9(a) and (b) respectively.…”

“…Synthesis of mixed metal fluorides faces multifaceted challenges such as the requirement of intricate setup, handling hazardous fluorinating agents and choice of suitable containers to conduct the reactions [5]. Although solid state reaction between the respective metal fluorides at high or moderate temperatures can yield monophasic products, they are not adequate enough for the synthesis of many binary/ternary systems as the reactions have to be conducted for extended durations.…”