Fluoride removal performance of phosphoric acid treated lime: Breakthrough analysis and point-of-use system performance

Abstract

Fluoride in drinking water above permissible levels is responsible for dental and skeletal fluorosis. In this study, removal of fluoride ions from water using phosphoric acid treated lime was investigated in continuous and point-of-use system operations. In the continuous column operations, fluoride removal performance was investigated as a function of the fluoride concentration, flow rate and amount of adsorbent mass. Early saturation and lower fluoride removal were observed at higher flow rate and initial concentration, and at lower mass. Two domestic defluoridation point-of-use systems operated intermittently to process 20 ℓ•day −1 of water were used. High fluoride uptake capacity (FUC) from groundwater was observed depicting the suitability of the new media in defluoridation. However, further research is required to optimise the point-ofuse systems performances.

Metallic iron for environmental remediation: A review of reviews

“…Clearly, even metabolites of reducible species are removed from the aqueous phase by these three mechanisms. Chemical reduction as removal mechanism would suffer difficulties due to solubility restriction for some contaminants, as trace amounts of ions tend to remain in solution (Noubactep, 2011;Murutu et al, 2012;Ghauch, 2015). On the other hand, already adsorbed or co-precipitated species can still be reduced by diffusing Fe II and H/H 2 (Noubactep et al, 2012a).…”

Technologies for Decentralized Fluoride Removal: Testing Metallic Iron-based Filters

“…Bone char (BC) is generally considered the most efficient and affordable material for F´removal in decentralized safe drinking water production at present [25,[56][57][58][59]. The four main reasons for this are: (i) BC is relatively inexpensive; (ii) BC is made from locally abundantly available spent bone; (iii) BC can be manufactured in sufficient amounts and quality for local needs; and (iv) BC can be recycled via a simple thermal treatment process at 200˝C.…”

A Review on the Role of Chemical Nature of Fluoride on Human Health and Environment

“…Brown stains occur frequently. One can get an impression that a tooth is attacked by the corrosion [28][29].…”

“…In India about a million people have this disease. Most of the victims live in areas where the water fluoride level is 2 ppm or above, but some cases are found in communities with natural fluoride levels below 1 ppm[38][39][40] .…”