Fluoride release from carbonate-rich fluorapatite during managed aquifer recharge: Model-based development of mitigation strategies

Schäfer, David; Sun, Jing; Jamieson, James; Siade, Adam; Atteia, Olivier; Seibert, Simone; Higginson, Simon; Prommer, Henning

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2021.116880

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Increasing injectant pH was not considered a viable treatment approach due to the high pH-buffering capacity of the aquifer sediments. 164 5.2. Physical management of stored water and institutional controls.…”

Section: Potential Mitigation Strategies Formentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mobilization of Arsenic and Other Naturally Occurring Contaminants during Managed Aquifer Recharge: A Critical Review

Fakhreddine

Prommer

Scanlon

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Population growth and climate variability highlight the need to enhance freshwater security and diversify water supplies. Subsurface storage of water in depleted aquifers is increasingly used globally to alleviate disparities in water supply and demand often caused by climate extremes including floods and droughts. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) stores excess water supplies during wet periods via infiltration into shallow underlying aquifers or direct injection into deep aquifers for recovery during dry seasons. Additionally, MAR can be designed to improve recharge water quality, particularly in the case of soil aquifer treatment and riverbank filtration. While there are many potential benefits to MAR, introduction of recharge water can alter the native geochemical and hydrological conditions in the receiving aquifer, potentially mobilizing toxic, naturally occurring (geogenic) contaminants from sediments into groundwater where they pose a much larger threat to human and ecosystem health. On the basis of the present literature, arsenic poses the most widespread challenge at MAR sites due to its ubiquity in subsurface sediments and toxicity at trace concentrations. Other geogenic contaminants of concern include fluoride, molybdenum, manganese, and iron. Water quality degradation threatens the viability of some MAR projects with several sites abandoning operations due to arsenic or other contaminant mobilization. Here, we provide a critical review of studies that have uncovered the geochemical and hydrological mechanisms controlling mobilization of arsenic and other geogenic contaminants at MAR sites worldwide, including both infiltration and injection sites. These mechanisms were evaluated based on site-specific characteristics, including hydrological setting, native aquifer geochemistry, and operational site parameters (e.g., source of recharge water and recharge/recovery cycling). Observed mechanisms of geogenic contaminant mobilization during MAR via injection include shifting redox conditions and, to a lesser extent, pH-promoted desorption, mineral solubility, and competitive ligand exchange. The relative importance of these mechanisms depends on various site-specific, operational parameters, including pretreatment of injection water and duration of injection, storage, and recovery phases. This critical review synthesizes findings across case studies in various geochemical, hydrological, and operational settings to better understand controls on arsenic and other geogenic contaminant mobilization and inform the planning and design of future MAR projects to protect groundwater quality. This critical review concludes with an evaluation of proposed management strategies for geogenic contaminants and identification of knowledge gaps regarding fate and transport of geogenic contaminants during MAR.

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Section: Potential Mitigation Strategies Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Addition of calcium or sodium to the injection water effectively reduced fluoride concentrations. Increasing injectant pH was not considered a viable treatment approach due to the high pH-buffering capacity of the aquifer sediments …”

Section: Potential Mitigation Strategies For Geogenic Contaminants Du...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobilization of Arsenic and Other Naturally Occurring Contaminants during Managed Aquifer Recharge: A Critical Review

Fakhreddine

Prommer

Scanlon

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…This understanding is critical for determining the long-term risks and underpinning the development and application of effective, engineered mitigation strategies, such as modifying the injectant treatment process. 34 A model-based analysis of field data in Lithia (Florida) suggested that the mineralization of OM by oxygen could be the governing process for the release of Mo in the Floridan Aquifer System. 5 However, studies by Pichler and Mozaffari 35 that investigated the carbonates of the Floridan Aquifer System showed the extraction of more than 70% Mo by sodium acetate at a pH of 8.1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the strategic importance of ASR operations for seasonally storing excess waters to enhance overall drinking water availability in Florida and many other parts of the world, it is essential to develop a process-based understanding of the factors controlling elevated Mo concentrations. This understanding is critical for determining the long-term risks and underpinning the development and application of effective, engineered mitigation strategies, such as modifying the injectant treatment process . A model-based analysis of field data in Lithia (Florida) suggested that the mineralization of OM by oxygen could be the governing process for the release of Mo in the Floridan Aquifer System .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum Release Triggered by Dolomite Dissolution: Experimental Evidence and Conceptual Model

Koopmann

Prommer

Pichler

2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The injection of oxygenated water into anoxic aquifers during managed aquifer recharge (MAR) can cause the mobilization of metal(loid)s. Here, we study the processes controlling MAR-induced molybdenum (Mo) release in dolomitic aquifers. Sequential chemical extractions and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy combined with scanning electron microscopy point to an association of Mo with easily soluble sulfurized organic matter present in intercrystalline spaces of dolomites or directly incorporated within dolomite crystals. The easily soluble character was confirmed by a batch experiment that demonstrated the rapid mobilization of Mo, dissolved organic carbon, and sulfur. The type and time of batch solution contact with the sulfurized organic matter impacted the release of Mo, as demonstrated by a 36% increase in Mo concentrations when shaking was intensified. Based on the experimental results, a conceptual model for the release of Mo was formulated, where (i) the injection of oxygenated water causes the oxidation of pyrite in the aquifer matrix, and (ii) the associated release of protons (H + ) induces the dissolution of dolomite as a buffering reaction, which (iii) enhances the accessibility of the injectant to intercrystalline and incorporated sulfurized organic matter within dolomite, causing the release of Mo.

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“…A few studies have investigated the natural background P concentrations produced in catchments containing P-bearing sedimentary rocks (Smith et al, 2003;McGinley et al, 2016;Stuart and Lapworth, 2016). Recent research involving mineralogical characterisation, batch experiments and geochemical modelling of injected pre-treated wastewater in a deep P nodule-bearing siliciclastic aquifer of Cretaceous age in Western Australia indicated that powdered CFA may release P and F to the groundwater under anoxic conditions (Schafer et al, 2018;Schafer et al, 2021). However, these studies lack robust geochemical evidence on direct porewater-rock interactions within a bedrock profile, and an assessment of the natural versus anthropogenic origins of phosphorus minerals within the aquifer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical cycling in aquifers contributes to the transport, storage and transfer of anthropogenically-derived phosphorus to surface waters

Mouchos

Johnes

Buss

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Phosphorus (P) is a key element which can contribute to the eutrophication of waters draining intensively farmed or populated catchments, driving adverse impacts on ecosystem and human health. An often overlooked source of P in permeable catchments is weathering of P-bearing minerals in bedrock. P release from primary minerals, present when the rock formed, controls background P concentrations in groundwater, but secondary P-bearing minerals may form in aquifers in the presence of anthropogenic P fluxes from agriculture and septic tanks. Using cores from the Upper Greensand (UGS) aquifer, United Kingdom, we show the relative contributions of P from primary and secondary minerals. Bulk rock chemical analysis indicates solid P concentrations of 0–0.8 wt%, while porewater analyses from the same samples indicate phosphate-P concentrations of <5 μg/L - 1 mg/L and dissolved organic P concentrations of <5 μg/L - 0.7 mg/L. These data, coupled with core stratigraphy, reveal the presence of multiple primary and secondary P-bearing minerals in the UGS, and suggest that secondary P-bearing minerals are largely of anthropogenic origin. The weathering of primary P nodules produces a very low background P flux to surface waters, while the anthropogenic P-bearing minerals undergo rapid dissolution, re-precipitation and re-dissolution cycles, controlled by porewater pH and P concentrations, in turn controlling dissolved P flux to groundwater. We show that secondary P-bearing minerals are a dynamic component of the P transfer system linking anthropogenic activities on the land surface to P in groundwater and surface waters and contributing to the eutrophication of surface waters.

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Fluoride release from carbonate-rich fluorapatite during managed aquifer recharge: Model-based development of mitigation strategies

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Mobilization of Arsenic and Other Naturally Occurring Contaminants during Managed Aquifer Recharge: A Critical Review

Mobilization of Arsenic and Other Naturally Occurring Contaminants during Managed Aquifer Recharge: A Critical Review

Molybdenum Release Triggered by Dolomite Dissolution: Experimental Evidence and Conceptual Model

Geochemical cycling in aquifers contributes to the transport, storage and transfer of anthropogenically-derived phosphorus to surface waters

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