Fluoride in Drinking Water and Skeletal Fluorosis: a Review of the Global Impact

Srivastava, Sakshi; Flora, S.J.S.

doi:10.1007/s40572-020-00270-9

Cited by 216 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We have also focused our research on exploiting the potential of the plant extracts in the removal of metallic impurities found in groundwater, such as iron and fluoride. These impurities have been crucially associated with health hazards to humans, such as fluorosis [ 47 ]. The combined treatment resulted in a significant reduction in the levels of iron and fluoride (as per WHO standards) in comparison to the individual seed and leaf extracts of the Moringa oleifera plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study to Investigate the Potential of Combined Extract of Leaves and Seeds of Moringa oleifera in Groundwater Purification

Alam

Pandey²,

Khan³

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Several parts of the Moringa oleifera plant have revealed incredible potential for water quality improvement. However, the purification potential of a combined leaf and seed extract of Moringa oleifera plants remains unexplored. To the best of our knowledge, this research would be the first to work towards exploiting the combined potential of a leaf and seed extract of the Moringa oleifera plant in the process of water purification. In this study, we investigated the combined effectiveness of the leaf and seed extract in the purification of groundwater. The jar test method was used to analyze the effectiveness of Moringa plant extract (in combination) on different quality parameters of groundwater. Treatment with the combined plant extract (seed and leaf) resulted in significant improvement of various physicochemical (hardness, pH, turbidity, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), and metallic impurities) and biological parameters (E.coli count) over individual seed and leaf extracts in groundwater samples. Experimental findings have strongly shown the enhanced purification efficacy of the hexane extract of combined plant materials in comparison to the individual extracts, thereby providing us with a potent natural coagulant that could combat the side effects of chemical coagulants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study to Investigate the Potential of Combined Extract of Leaves and Seeds of Moringa oleifera in Groundwater Purification

Alam

Pandey²,

Khan³

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…A close association between chronic fluoride toxicity and increased oxidative stress has been reported in children with skeletal fluorosis [95,100]. A significantly lower redox ratio of GSH to GSSG, as the marker of increased oxidative stress, has been reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…WHO indicates a clear risk of skeletal fluorosis for a total intake of 14 mg fluoride per day. Nevertheless, the recent findings revealed that consumption of fluoride at even 10 times lower concentrations of 1.5 mg/L caused its high incidence in India [95]. The chemical analyses show that 80% of water sources in rural areas exceed the WHO fluoride permissible limits and residents are affected by skeletal fluorosis.…”

Section: The Implication Of Fluoride Toxicity On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants is regulated by the GSH redox system in the human body. Some authors suggest that oxidative stress is the key mechanism of fluoride toxicity [95,[97][98][99]. Fluoride causes the increased generation of ROS such as superoxide anion, reactive hydroperoxides (ROOH), and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) ( Figure 4).…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of Fluoride Toxicity: From Enzymes to Underlying Integrative Networks

Strunecká

Strunecký

2020

Applied Sciences

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Fluoride has been employed in laboratory investigations since the early 20th century. These studies opened the understanding of fluoride interventions to fundamental biological processes. Millions of people living in endemic fluorosis areas suffer from various pathological disturbances. The practice of community water fluoridation used prophylactically against dental caries increased concern of adverse fluoride effects. We assessed the publications on fluoride toxicity until June 2020. We present evidence that fluoride is an enzymatic poison, inducing oxidative stress, hormonal disruptions, and neurotoxicity. Fluoride in synergy with aluminum acts as a false signal in G protein cascades of hormonal and neuronal regulations in much lower concentrations than fluoride acting alone. Our review shows the impact of fluoride on human health. We suggest focusing the research on fluoride toxicity to the underlying integrative networks. Ignorance of the pluripotent toxic effects of fluoride might contribute to unexpected epidemics in the future.

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“…Fluorosis induced by geological origin is a serious public health concern in 28 nations particularly in India and China (Ra que, et al 015). In India, 230 districts of 20 states are at risk of high level of uoride in drinking water (Srivastava, et al 2020). In China, almost all the provinces have reported uorosis except for Shanghai.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Alleviate Fluoride-Induced Memory Impairment by Reconstructing Gut Microbiota in Mice

Xin

Wang

Sun

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundFluoride which is widespread in our environment and food due to geological origin and industrial pollution has been identified as developmental neurotoxicants. Gut-brain axis provide new sight to the brain-derived injury. We hypothesized that fluoride-induced memory impairment was associated with gut dysbiosis, which could be prevented by improving the gut microbiota. MethodsMice were given fluoridated drinking water (sodium fluoride, 100 mg/L) for 70 days and administered with PBS or a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 for 28 days prior to and throughout a 70 day exposure to sodium fluoride. ResultsResults showed that fluoride reduces the exploration ratio in Novel object recognition (NOR) test and the spontaneous exploration during the T-maze test in mice following an hour water avoidance stress (WAS), which were significantly improved by the probiotic. 16S rRNA sequencing showed a significant seperation in ileal microbiota between the fluoride-treated mice and control mice. Lactobacillus was the mainly targeting bacteria and significantly reduced in fluoride-treated mice. BS15 reconstructed the fluoride-post microbiota and increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. D-lactate contant and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, two biomarkers of the gut permeability were reduced in the serum of probiotic-inocluated mice. ZO-1, an intestinal tight junction protein, which was reduced by fluoride in mRNA and protein levels were increased by the probiotic treatment. Moreover, in the hippocampus which is essential to learning and memory, the probiotic increased the down-regulated mRNA levels of myelinassociated glycoprotein (MAG) level, Bcl-xl and decreaed up-regulated mRNA levels of Bad in fluoride-treated mice. The probiotic applied in this study also increased down-regulated mRNA and protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and balanced the inflammatory cytokines in mRNA and protein levels in hippocampus of fluoride-treated mice. ConclusionsThese results suggested that there may be some correlations between the fluoride-induced memory dysfunction and alteration of gut microbiota, and reconstruction of gut microbiota is a potential method to prevent the memory dysfunction.

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Fluoride in Drinking Water and Skeletal Fluorosis: a Review of the Global Impact

Cited by 216 publications

References 13 publications

Study to Investigate the Potential of Combined Extract of Leaves and Seeds of Moringa oleifera in Groundwater Purification

Study to Investigate the Potential of Combined Extract of Leaves and Seeds of Moringa oleifera in Groundwater Purification

Mechanisms of Fluoride Toxicity: From Enzymes to Underlying Integrative Networks

Probiotic Alleviate Fluoride-Induced Memory Impairment by Reconstructing Gut Microbiota in Mice

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