Fluoride, Calcium and Inorganic Phosphorus Concentrations in Approximal Plaque Collected from Young Adults 1 and 24 h after Toothbrushing with Fluoride Toothpastes

Sidi, A D; Wilson, R.F.

doi:10.1159/000261387

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In some studies fluoride concentrations not significantly different from baseline concentrations were observed 24 h after the use of these products [Sidi and Wilson, 1991;Kato et al, 1997]. In the present study, plaque fluoride concentrations 12 h after the use of Crest were not significantly different from the placebo concentrations (table 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Plaque Fluoride Concentrations Are Dependent on Plaque Calcium Concentrations

et al. 2002

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Despite the 1,000-fold difference between the fluoride concentrations ([F]) in dentifrices and fluoridated drinking water, clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that they have similar cariostatic effects. This double-blind, crossover study was done to determine whether the [F] in dental plaque is related more to the [F] of the dentifrice used or to the plaque concentrations of calcium and magnesium. The subjects (n = 13) were adults and residents of a city served with fluoridated drinking water. After 1 week of using a fluoridated dentifrice (940 ppm) or a placebo dentifrice, whole saliva and plaque were collected 1.0 h and approximately 12 h after the last use of the dentifrices. The average salivary [F] after brushing with the F dentifrice was higher than after using the placebo. The average plaque [F] 1.0 h after brushing with the F dentifrice was higher than after using the placebo (p < 0.01), but the difference at 12 h was not significant. Plaque [Ca] and [F] were directly related under all experimental conditions (p = 0.0001). The relationships between plaque [Mg] and [F] were weaker and inconsistent. Based on these findings and reports in the literature it is concluded that, for persons whose drinking water is fluoridated, plaque [F] throughout much of the day is not significantly increased by the use of a fluoridated dentifrice. Instead they are directly related to plaque [Ca]. These findings offer at least a partial explanation for why fluoridated dentifrices and drinking water have similar cariostatic effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Plaque Fluoride Concentrations Are Dependent on Plaque Calcium Concentrations

et al. 2002

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“…In contrast, over the years, high fluoride-containing products have demonstrated producing enhanced remineralization by forming fluorapatite crystals in the tooth. [6][7][8][9][10] The main effect of fluoridated toothpaste is produced by elevating the levels of fluoride in the oral environment. 6 Page found that five minutes of exposure to 100 and 1000 ppm fluoride delivery via a dentifrice significantly inhibited the demineralization of enamel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inhibitory Effect of MI Paste, Fluoride and a Combination of Both on the Progression of Artificial Caries-like Lesions in Enamel

Pulido

Wefel²,

Hernández³

et al. 2008

Operative Dentistry

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It is important to evaluate the inhibitory effect on lesion progression of CPP-ACP when delivered in a mousse vehicle, commercially known as MI Paste, and compare it to actual remineralization products already established. SUMMARYThis in-vitro study evaluated the inhibition of demineralization in enamel sections produced by MI paste, fluoride and a combination of both, compared to artificial saliva and NaF 5000 ppm in a caries progression pH-cycling model. Twenty-one teeth were demineralized to create subsurface enamel lesions (approximately 200 microns in depth). The teeth were sectioned and characterized using polarized-light-microscopy (PLM). A single section from each lesion was assigned to a treatment group: Artificial saliva, NaF 5000 ppm (Prevident, Colgate), MI paste (Recaldent, GC America Inc), NaF 1100 ppm (Crest, Procter & Gamble) and NaF 1100 ppm plus MI paste. The sec- tions were covered with varnish except for an exposed window on the external surface of the lesion and placed in a six-day pH-cycling model with two daily treatment applications of two minutes each. The sections were characterized by PLM, and the lesion areas were measured using a digital image analysis system. Based on a pairedsample t-test, significant differences (p<.05) in percentage of change in lesion size were found between the high fluoride group and all the other groups. No significant difference was found between the artificial saliva and MI paste group, neither was there any significant difference between the NaF 1100 ppm, the combined application group or the MI paste group alone. In conclusion, the higher concentration of NaF (5000 ppm) reduced lesion progression to the greatest extent. The MI paste group did not show any effect on the inhibition of lesion progression. Further studies on the preventive effect and longer treatment applications are recommended.

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“…In principle, the chemical properties of this interface can be altered to decrease the cariogenic challenge originating from the metabolism of the oral flora. Several agents have been advanced as constituents of mouthwashes to minimize enamel demineralization, for example, lactate dehydrogenase [Higham and Edgar, 1991], urea and fluoride [Pearce, 1982[Pearce, , 1984Pearce and Nelson, 1988;Pearce et al, 1991], calcium phosphate [Stralfors, 1964;Rankine et al, 1989], calcium lactate [van der Hoeven, 1985;Shrestha et al, 1982;van der Hoeven et al, 1989;Kashket and Yaskell, 1992], calcium glycerophosphate [Bowen, 1972;Grenby and Bull, 1975;Sidi and Wilson, 1991] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Reduction of Enamel Demineralization by Calcium and Phosphate in vitro

Tanaka¹,

Kadoma

2000

Caries Res

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In theory, calcium and phosphate in the plaque fluid exert a large influence on the demineralization of enamel surface. In order to know the effect of increasing the concentration of either of these factors, the following in vitro experiment was conducted. Three thin sections, about 150 Ìm thick, were cut out from each of 13 human premolars. All surfaces of the sections, except for the original enamel surface, were coated with nail varnish. These sections were immersed into one of two sets of demineralizing solutions for 1 week at 25°C. Each set, the ‘calcium set’ and the ‘phosphate set’, contained three solutions. The composition of these solutions differed mainly in calcium or phosphate concentrations. After 1 week, the degree of demineralization was determined by image analysis of contact microradiograms from each section. The subsurface demineralization in enamel was reduced by 95% by increasing the calcium concentration of the demineralizing solution from 7 to 21 mmol/l. A similar reduction (87%) was observed by increasing the phosphate concentration. However, the amount of phosphate needed was approximately 20 times more than that of calcium. The larger inhibitory effect that calcium has on enamel demineralization was related to the larger effect it has on the degree of saturation of the solution. Even though no statistically significant difference was found between the effect of calcium and phosphate on the demineralization of enamel (when the solutions had the same degree of saturation), the difference in the standard deviation of demineralization suggests the existence of some other factors which have an influence on the demineralization reaction.

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Fluoride, Calcium and Inorganic Phosphorus Concentrations in Approximal Plaque Collected from Young Adults 1 and 24 h after Toothbrushing with Fluoride Toothpastes

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Plaque Fluoride Concentrations Are Dependent on Plaque Calcium Concentrations

Plaque Fluoride Concentrations Are Dependent on Plaque Calcium Concentrations

The Inhibitory Effect of MI Paste, Fluoride and a Combination of Both on the Progression of Artificial Caries-like Lesions in Enamel

Comparative Reduction of Enamel Demineralization by Calcium and Phosphate in vitro

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