Fluorescent whitening agents—a survey (1974-82)

Leaver, Ian H.; Milligan, Brian

doi:10.1016/0143-7208(84)80008-x

Cited by 85 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…On the basis of their differences of response in fluorescence emission (Jeanson and Bereau, 2006), 2-(o-hydroxyphenyl)-benzoxazole, their metal complexes (Dubey et al, 2006), were potentially used as cytotoxic agents (Rodriguez et al, 1999;Davison and Corey, 2003;Don et al, 2005), cathapsin S inhibitors (Tully et al, 2006), HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors (Grobler et al, 2007), estrogen receptor antagonists (Leventhal et al, 2006), selective peroxisome proliferate, activated receptor antagonists (Nishiu et al, 2006), anticancer agents (Easmon et al, 2006), orexin-1 receptor antagonists (Rasmussen et al, 2007). They have also found application as herbicide and as fluorescent whiting agent dyes (Leaver and Milligan, 1984). As in certain cases similar complexes (Thomas, 2009) have been reported for the ring opening polymerisation of lactide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Synthesis, spectroscopic [IR, (1H, 13C, 27Al) NMR] and mass spectrometric studies of aluminium(III) complexes containing O- and N-chelating Schiff bases

Dubey

Meenakshi

Singh

2015

Main Group Metal Chemistry

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Reactions of aluminium isopropoxide with 2-(o-hydroxyphenyl)-benzoxazole (pboxH) and salicylidene-4-chloroaniline (spcaH) in different molar ratios in benzene solution afforded the complexes of the types [(μ-OPr i ) 2 Al 2 (pbox) 2 (OPr i ) 2 ] 1, [Al(OPr i )(pbox) 2 ] 2, [Al(pbox) 3 ] 3, [(μ-OPr i ) 2 Al 2 (spca) 2 (OPr i ) 2 ] 4, [Al(OPr i )(spca) 2 ] 5 and [Al(spca) 3 ] 6. All these colored solid complexes are soluble in common organic solvents and were characterized by elemental (C, H, N and Al) analysis, spectroscopic [IR ( 1 H, 13 C and 27 Al) NMR] and mass spectrometric studies. On the basis of these studies, plausible structures have been tentatively proposed for these complexes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Synthesis, spectroscopic [IR, (1H, 13C, 27Al) NMR] and mass spectrometric studies of aluminium(III) complexes containing O- and N-chelating Schiff bases

Dubey

Meenakshi

Singh

2015

Main Group Metal Chemistry

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“…Most FWA compounds are not readily biodegradable, but due to their ability to absorb part of the terrestrial sunlight, they can be photochemically degraded (Leaver and Milligan 1984;Kramer et al 1996;Managaki and Takada 2005;Mostofa et al 2010). A study of the degradation of DSBP and DAS dissolved in lake water and exposed to sunlight found half-lives of 63 min for DSBP and 245-302 min for DAS (Kramer et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Field Measurement of Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Material as a Means of Early Detection of Leachate Plumes

Graham¹,

Baker²,

Andersen³

et al. 2015

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Early detection of landfill leachate plumes may minimise aquifer degradation and financial expenditure for the landfill operator. Current methods of landfill leachate monitoring typically include analysis of groundwater field parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), coupled with laboratory analysis of a selection of major cations and anions. In many instances, background influences can mask the impact of leachate, which only becomes apparent once a significant impact has occurred. Here, we investigate the potential for changes in fluorescent dissolved organic material (FDOM) concentration to be used as an indicator of leachate impact. The research was undertaken in a fractured rock aquifer located downgradient of a local government-operated putrescible landfill in Central West NSW, Australia. Field measurement of groundwater FDOM was undertaken using an in situ fluorometer (FDOM probe) which provides a relative measurement of FDOM. To quantify the FDOM values, a bench fluorescence spectrophotometer was used to collect excitation/emission spectra. A plume of elevated FDOM and EC levels within the fractured rock system up to 600 m downgradient of the landfill was identified, whereas analysis of major cations and anions from boreholes within the plume did not detect leachate impacts above background. Excitation/emission matrices of groundwater from these locations confirmed that similar fluorescence signatures to those collected from the landfill were present. Photodegradation experiments were conducted to determine if fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) were a component of the fluorescence signal. Observed photodegradation of 40 % compared to background (8 %) suggests that a component of the fluorescence signal can be attributed to FWAs. FDOM in groundwater therefore provides an indicator of lowlevel (up to 98 % dilution) leachate influence, and the identification of FWAs within groundwater can be considered confirmation of a leachate signal.

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“…They are known to absorb energy in the ultraviolet (UV) light region and emit it in the visible spectral region (Leaver & Milligan 1984;Kramer et al 1996;Canonica et al 1997). In addition, fluorescent organic compounds have natural affinities with various substrates and the amount of fluorescent emission is affected by the type of resin matrix (Shu & Ding 2009 Figure 1) has a molecular weight of about 562.56 and is known as a fluorescent whitening agent (FBZ 351) or STILBENE 3 (Pubchem;Stana et al 1995;Blanco et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Tinopal CBS-X in rice papers and rice noodles using HPLC with fluorescence detection and LC-MS/MS

Ko¹,

Lee²,

Choi³

et al. 2014

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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To date there have been no reports of methods to determine Tinopal CBS-X. We developed a rapid and simple method to determine the Tinopal CBS-X content in rice noodles and rice papers using HPLC equipped with fluorescence detection. Heating the rice noodles and rice papers to 80°C after adding 75% methanol solution induced the release of Tinopal CBS-X from processed rice products. Tinopal CBS-X was separated using an isocratic mobile phase comprising 50% acetonitrile/water containing 0.4% tetrabutyl ammonium hydrogen sulphate at pH 8.0. The samples suspected to be positive by HPLC analysis were then confirmed by LC-MS/MS analysis. This study also investigated the Tinopal CBS-X content of three rice noodle products and two rice papers. The limits of quantification for rice papers and rice noodles were 1.58 and 1.51 µg kg(-1), respectively, and their correlation curves showed good linearity with r(2) ≥ 0.9997 and ≥ 0.9998, respectively. Moreover, rice papers had recoveries of 70.3-83.3% with precision ranging from 5.0% to 7.9%, whereas rice noodles had slightly lower recoveries of 63.4-78.7% and precisions of 8.5-11.5%. Only one rice noodle product contained Tinopal CBS-X, at around 2.1 mg kg(-1), whereas it was not detected in four other samples. Consequently, Tinopal CBS-X from rice noodles and rice papers can be successfully detected using the developed pre-treatment and ion-pairing HPLC system coupled with fluorescence detection.

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Fluorescent whitening agents—a survey (1974-82)

Cited by 85 publications

References 49 publications

Synthesis, spectroscopic [IR, (1H, 13C, 27Al) NMR] and mass spectrometric studies of aluminium(III) complexes containing O- and N-chelating Schiff bases

Synthesis, spectroscopic [IR, (1H, 13C, 27Al) NMR] and mass spectrometric studies of aluminium(III) complexes containing O- and N-chelating Schiff bases

Field Measurement of Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Material as a Means of Early Detection of Leachate Plumes

Determination of Tinopal CBS-X in rice papers and rice noodles using HPLC with fluorescence detection and LC-MS/MS

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