Fluorescent antibody test for neonatal congenital syphilis: A progress report

Scotti, Angelo; Logan, Leslie C.; Caldwell, Joe

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(69)80368-9

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The infant was number one of twins; the other baby was stillborn and macerated. In other studies, FTA-ABS tests for IgM have been found to be positive whenever an infant had obvious syphilis (1,8,19,20), and it is difficult to explain why all the IgM tests were negative. The child did not have rheumatoid factor, which was found in all tested children with definite congenital syphilis.…”

Section: Flagellum -Elisa Igmmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…of fetal antibody production and therefore infection, because IgM and IgA antibodies do not cross the intact placenta. The reference method for detection of specific IgM antibodies in congenital syphilis is the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test, using a fluorescence-conjugated anti-human IgM antibody (1,7,(19)(20)(21). The FTA-ABS IgM test is not widely used because it is laborious and because there have been doubts about both the specificity and the sensitivity of the test (4, 7,9,16).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of immunoglobulin M to nontreponemal and treponemal antigens for the diagnosis of congenital syphilis

et al. 1989

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Sera from newborn infants born of mothers with a high risk of syphilis were examined for immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in two different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), using either purified flagella from Treponerna phagedenis biotype Reiter or the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) antigen as the antigen. Ail sera were also examined by the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test for IgM. Three different groups of patients were studied. Group 1 consisted of 84 women and their newborn infants from a high-risk population for syphilis. Congenital syphilis was diagnosed in one child who had an IgM-positive cord blood specimen in both the ELISA and the FTA-ABS test. Group 2 consisted of 10 mothers and their newborn children. Ail mothers had positive syphilis-screening tests, and al children had signs of congenital syphilis. Ail but one child had positive IgM tests. Group 3 consisted of 15 mothers and their newborn children. These mothers had been treated for syphilis late in pregnancy, and al had a positive screening test at delivery. Two of the children had positive IgM tests, probably caused by reactivity after late intrauterine treatment of congenital syphilis. The specificities of the IgM tests were high when evaluated with sera from newborn children without signs of congenital syphilis. Even though IgM rheumatoid factor was found in all of the children tested with definite congenital syphilis, the rheumatoid factor did not cause false-positive results in either the VDRL ELISA or the flagellum ELISA. No significant IgG-IgM competition was noticed in the ELISAs. This study also confirmed that IgA antibodies do not cross the placenta; most newborn children with congenital syphilis were positive in the VDRL ELISA for IgA. Both the VDRL ELISA and the flagellum ELISA are very useful in the diagnosis of congenital syphilis and may be a substitute for the FTA-ABS test. The VDRL ELISA for IgM will be especially useful in developing countries with a high incidence of congenital syphilis. The incidence of congenital syphilis is low in the developed countries, primarily because of the low incidence of acquired syphilis and the well-organized prenatal syphilis screening of pregnant women. In many developing countries, however, the incidence of congenital syphilis is very high, and it contributes significantly to the high rate of fetal wastage, neonatal mortality, and infant morbidity. In these

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Section: Flagellum -Elisa Igmmentioning

confidence: 87%

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confidence: 99%

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of immunoglobulin M to nontreponemal and treponemal antigens for the diagnosis of congenital syphilis

et al. 1989

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“…FTA-ABS 19S IgM test. An older technique for the diagnosis of congenital syphilis that remains in the investigational status is the FTA-ABS 19S IgM test (1,42,92,125,139,185,186). The FTA-ABS 19S IgM test is not available in kit form, and matching the reagents to be used in the test is extremely difficult.…”

Section: Treponemal Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory diagnosis and interpretation of tests for syphilis

1995

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The lack of a method for demonstrating the presence of Treponema pallidum by growth necessitates the use of alternative methods. Traditionally, these methods are divided into direct detection methods (animal inoculation, dark-field microscopy, etc.) and serologic tests for the presence of patient antibody against T. pallidum. Serologic methods are further divided into two classes. One class, the nontreponemal tests, detects antibodies to lipoidal antigens present in either the host or T. pallidum; examples are the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory and rapid plasma reagin and tests. Reactivity in these tests generally indicates host tissue damage that may not be specific for syphilis. Because these tests are easy and inexpensive to perform, they are commonly used for screening, and with proper clinical signs they are suggestive of syphilis. The other class of test, the treponemal tests, uses specific treponemal antigens. Confirmation of infection requires a reactive treponemal test. Examples of the treponemal tests are the microhemagglutination assay for antibodies to T. pallidum and the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test. These tests are more expensive and complicated to perform than the nontreponemal tests. On the horizon are a number of direct antigen, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and PCR techniques. Several of these techniques have shown promise in clinical trials for the diagnosis of congenital syphilis and neurosyphilis that are presently difficult to diagnose.

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“…Serological tests designed to diagnose or exclude congenital syphilis have been described by many authors (Scotti and Logan, 1968;Scotti, Logan, and Caldwell, 1969;Alford, Polt, Cassady, Straumfjord, and Remington, 1969;Sepetjian, Guerraz, Monier, Nivelon, and Thivolet, 1970;Mamunes, Cave, Budell, Anderson, and Steward, 1970). All these workers used a modified fluorescent treponemal antibody (FTA) technique demonstrating IgM class antitreponemal antibody.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neonatal congenital syphilis. Diagnosis by the absorbed fluorescent treponemal antibody (IgM) test.

Johnston¹

1972

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Fluorescent antibody test for neonatal congenital syphilis: A progress report

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of immunoglobulin M to nontreponemal and treponemal antigens for the diagnosis of congenital syphilis

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of immunoglobulin M to nontreponemal and treponemal antigens for the diagnosis of congenital syphilis

Laboratory diagnosis and interpretation of tests for syphilis

Neonatal congenital syphilis. Diagnosis by the absorbed fluorescent treponemal antibody (IgM) test.

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