“…The CD is formed from citric acid, ammonium citrate, polyamines, and sugars. The CDs are now used because of their facile production, water dispersibility, minimal cytotoxicity, and great biocompatibility. , Size and surface charge make CDs efficient against drug-resistant bacteria, intracellular microorganisms, and biofilms . CCM-CDs are effective against the swine epidemic diarrhea virus because they inhibit viral entry, negative-strand RNA synthesis, viral budding, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation.…”