Fluorescence Titrations of Bio-relevant Complexes with DNA: Synthesis, Structural Investigation, DNA Binding/Cleavage, Antimicrobial and Molecular Docking Studies

Abstract

In the present work, we attempted to develop new metal complexes (Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II)) of the imine ligand which was synthesized from 9,10-phenanthrenequinone and para-anisidine. With an intention to make the complexes most stable, very special chelating amino acid has been coordinated to the metal centre. The resultant metal complexes have been characterized by variety of techniques including FT-IR, UV-Vis., (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, powder XRD, EPR and mass spectral studies. The interaction of the complexes with DNA has been effectively examined and explored by fluorescence titration, UV-Vis absorption, viscometer titration, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry. Moreover, molecular docking analysis has been performed to understand the nature of binding of the complexes with DNA. These studies prove that CT DNA interaction of the complexes follows intercalation mode. The metal complexes exhibit effective cleavage of pUC19 DNA by an oxidative cleavage mechanism. The antimicrobial screening indicates that these complexes are good antimicrobial agents against various organisms.

Heterocyclic Schiff base transition metal complexes in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy

“…The general formula of a SB is R 1 R 2 CN-R 3 , where R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be an alkyl, aryl or any heteroaryl group. [47][48][49] The -CNimine bond is responsible for endowing a wide spectrum of biological actions to these azomethinic compounds. 50 Several SBs and their transition metal complexes have attracted considerable interest from medicinal chemists and biologists due to their advanced antibacterial, 51 antifungal, 52 antitumour, 53 anticancer, 54 antiradical, 55 anti-tubercular, 56 antimalarial, 57 ROS scavenging 58 and antiviral activities.…”

Synthesis and Structural Investigation of New Bio-Relevant Complexes of Lanthanides with 5-Hydroxyflavone: DNA Binding and Protein Interaction Studies

“…Due to the favorable spatial arrangement of the hydroxyketone moiety in their structures, flavonoids have been successfully used in coordination chemistry as ligands. Therefore, flavonoids have the ability to bind metal ions in multiple oxidation states, forming stable coordination complexes [2]. The metal complexes thus formed show in many cases greater therapeutic potential than the parent ligand.…”

Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Unimetallic and Heterobimetallic Complexes of Bivalent Copper

“…The data obtained after evaluating the synthesized complexes against two bacterial ( E. coli and S. aureus ) strains and two fungal ( F. oxysporum and A. niger ) strains evidently divulges the amplified activity of heterobimetallic complexes in comparison to unimetallic complexes of copper as summarized in Tables 1 and 2 . This can be explained on the basis of Tweedy's chelation theory [ 27 ] according to which, the polarity of metal ion reduces due to chelation owing to the partial sharing of its positive charge with the donor groups and possible π -electron-delocalization over the whole chelation ring, which intensifies the lipophilic character of the metal complex, consecutively approving its penetration through the lipid layers of the organism cell membrane, resulting in reduction of the normal cell process along with deactivation of numerous cellular enzymes that play dictatorial roles in the various metabolic pathways of these microorganisms. Hence, it is clear that amid all the synthesized complexes, unimetallic complexes of Cu(II) are lesser active, that is, having less significant antimicrobial efficacy as compared to heterobimetallic complexes where the synergistic effect of two metals displays remarkable biological activity.…”