Fluorescence spectra of atmospheric aerosol at Adelphi, Maryland, USA: measurement and classification of single particles containing organic carbon

Pinnick, Ronald G.; Hill, Steven C.; Pan, Yong‐Le; Chang, Richard K.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.11.017

Cited by 94 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Due to the high traffic densities and increased energy usage, Mexico City suffers from high levels of particulate BC pollution. The presence of highly absorbing aerosols in Mexico City has lead to a reduction in solar flux of 17.6% (Raga et al, 2001). The mass of absorbing aerosols exported from the MCMA into the surrounding region is estimated to be 6000 metric tons per day or 2 mega-tons per year (Gaffney et al, 1999).…”

Section: Mexico City Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other light absorbing species are also present in atmospheric aerosols, including polycyclic and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their nitrated derivatives (Jacobson, 1999), amino acids such as tryptophan in biological particles (Pinnick et al, 2004), and polycarboxylic acids known as "humic-like" substances (HULIS) (Cappiello et al, 2003). The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are produced along with BC during combustion of fossil fuels and their nitrated derivatives are formed by atmospheric oxidation in the presence of NO 2 .…”

Section: Aerosol Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, since Mexico City is at an altitude of 2250 m (7300 ft), these aerosols are released into the atmosphere at altitudes considered to be in the free troposphere elsewhere. The absorbing aerosols exported from the Mexico City basin are therefore assumed to have longer lifetimes than aerosols released at lower altitudes (Raga et al, 2001). Thus, the MCMA can be a major source of carbonaceous aerosols to the surrounding regions impacting the radiative balance and climate on a regional scale.…”

Section: Mexico City Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of biogenic carbon sources on aerosol absorption in Mexico City

et al. 2009

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Abstract. In order to determine the wavelength dependence of fine (<1 micron) atmospheric aerosol absorption in the Mexico City area, the absorptionÅngstrom exponents (AAEs) were calculated from hourly averages of aerosol absorption measured at seven wavelengths (370, 450, 520, 590, 660, 880, and 950 nm) The AAE values determined in the afternoon were consistently higher than the corresponding morning values, suggesting the photochemical aging of the aerosols leading to the formation of more highly UV absorbing organic aerosol species in the afternoon.The AAE values were compared to stable and radiocarbon isotopic measurements of the 12-h aerosol samples to determine the sources of the aerosol carbon. The fraction of modern carbon (fM) in the aerosol samples, as determined from 14 C analysis, showed that an average of 70% of the carbonaceous aerosols in Mexico City were from modern biomass sources during both field campaigns. The 13 C/ 12 C ratios of

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Section: Mexico City Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerosol Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mexico City Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of biogenic carbon sources on aerosol absorption in Mexico City

et al. 2009

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“…Various cluster analysis techniques have previously been used to classify single-particle fluorescence data (Pinnick, 2004;Pan et al, 2007Pan et al, , 2012Pinnick et al, 2013) and mass spectral data (Murphy et al, 2003), as well as back trajectories (Cox et al, 2005;Kalkstein et al, 1987;Robinson et al, 2011). In addition, neural networks have been trained to dynamically classify single-particle mass spectral data (Song et al, 1999).…”

Section: The Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster analysis of WIBS single-particle bioaerosol data

et al. 2013

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?? Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 LicenseHierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis was performed on single-particle multi-spatial data sets comprising optical diameter, asymmetry and three different ???uorescence measurements, gathered using two dual Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensors (WIBSs). The technique is demonstrated on measurements of various ???uorescent and non-???uorescent polystyrene latex spheres (PSL) before being applied to two separate contemporaneous ambient WIBSdata sets recorded in a forest site in Colorado, USA, as part of the BEACHON-RoMBAS project. Cluster analysis results between both data sets are consistent. Clusters are tentatively interpreted by comparison of concentration time series and cluster average measurement values to the published literature (of which there is a paucity) to represent the following: non-???uorescent accumulation mode aerosol; bacterial agglomerates; and fungal spores. To our knowledge, this is the ???rst time cluster analysis has been applied to long-term online primary biological aerosol particle (PBAP) measurements. The novel application of this clustering technique provides a means for routinely reducing WIBS data to discrete concentration time series which are more easily interpretable, without the need for any a priori assumptions concerning the expected aerosol types. It can reduce the level of subjectivity compared to the more standard analysis approaches, which are typically performed by simple inspection of various ensemble data products. It also has the advantage of potentially resolving less populous or subtly different particle types. This technique is likely to become more robust in the future as ???uorescence-based aerosol instrumentation measurement precision, dynamic range and the number of available metrics are improved

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“…These detectors can reach close to real-time warning. Multiple excitations (266 and 355 nm) for the detection of bioaerosols have been reported [10] as well as the spectral characteristics of fluorescence from particles excited at 266 nm [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Fluorescence-based LIDAR Technology for Biological Sensing

et al. 2005

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Results of our on-going development of biological warfare agents (BWA) detection systems based on spectral detection of ultraviolet (UV) laser induced fluorescence (LIF) are presented. A compact optical parametric oscillator (OPO) with intracavity sum-frequency mixing (SFM) to generate 293 nm UV laser irradiation was developed. The OPO/SFM device was pumped by a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), including subsequent second-harmonic generation (SHG) in an external periodically poled KTiOPO 4 (PPKTP) crystal. The laser generated 1.8 ns pulses at 100 Hz with an average power of 44 mW at 532 nm. The whole system could be used to deliver approximately 30 µJ laser irradiation per pulse (100 Hz) at 293 nm. The spectral detection part of the system consists of a grating and a photomultiplier tube (PMT) array with 32 channels, which can measure fluorescence spectra in the wavelength band from 250 nm to 800 nm. The detector system was designed along with a trigger laser to enable measurement of fluorescence spectra from an individual aerosol particle of simulants for BWA upon excitation with a single nanosecond laser pulse. We demonstrate the successful detection and spectral characterization of simulants for BWA, i.e., Bacillus atrophaeus (BG), Bacillus thuringiensis (BT), and Ovalbumin (OA).

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Fluorescence spectra of atmospheric aerosol at Adelphi, Maryland, USA: measurement and classification of single particles containing organic carbon

Cited by 94 publications

References 67 publications

The impact of biogenic carbon sources on aerosol absorption in Mexico City

The impact of biogenic carbon sources on aerosol absorption in Mexico City

Cluster analysis of WIBS single-particle bioaerosol data

Development of Fluorescence-based LIDAR Technology for Biological Sensing

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