Fluorescence Quenching in Conjugated Polymers Blended with Reduced Graphitic Oxide

Wang, Yaobing; Kurunthu, Dharmalingam; Scott, Gary W.; Bardeen, Christopher J.

doi:10.1021/jp9097793

Cited by 102 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…d0 was estimated to be ~5 nm between a conjugated polymer and GO. [43] In another system, although not explicitly reported, d0 can be estimated to be ~6.8 nm for the FAM/GO pair, since GO can quench 68% fluorescence within 10 nm (see Supporting Information for the estimation). [44,45] By comparing our results with the literature values, we reasoned that either a portion of the DNA was not aligned vertically with respect to the GO surface or multi-layered GO being better quenchers must be taken into account.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

Huang

Liu

2012

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Graphene has attracted an immense amount of research interest due to its unique electrical, mechanical, optical, and surface properties. [1][2][3][4] In addition, with its superior fluorescence quenching and adsorption capacity, graphene has been increasingly used for making biosensors, [5][6][7][8] drug delivery vehicles, [9, 10] and imaging agents. [10,11] To disperse in an aqueous solution, graphene oxide (GO) with surface carboxyl and hydroxyl groups is often prepared.GO is also an excellent quencher for adsorbed fluorophores with quenching efficiency approaching 100%. [12][13][14] At the same time, GO selectively adsorbs non-structured and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), [15,16] which can subsequently desorb upon forming double-stranded (dsDNA) or well-folded structures. Based on these understandings, many optical sensors have been designed for the detection of metal ions, [12,17,18] small molecules, [11, 19, 20] [14, 21] [6, 13, 22-24] proteins, and nucleic acids. For example, adsorption of a fluorophorelabeled probe DNA resulted in quenched fluorescence. In the presence of its complementary DNA (cDNA), the fluorescence was recovered due to duplex formation and subsequent desorption. In this This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Huang, P.-J. J., & Liu, J. (2012 Submitted to -2 -process, the fluorophore-to-GO distance increased from zero to infinity to achieve the maximal fluorescence enhancement. In addition to GO, many other carbon based nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes, [25][26][27][28][29] mesoporous carbon, [30] carbon nanoparticles [31,32] and water soluble nano-C60 [33] have also been tested for similar applications.On the other hand, little is known about DNA length-dependent fluorescence quenching within a few nanometers from the GO surface. Such information is important for rational design of covalently linked probes. Compared to physisorbed probes, covalent sensors are reversible, regenerable, less prone to non-specific probe displacement, and allow continuous monitoring under flow conditions. [34] In addition, studying distance-dependent fluorescence properties are crucial for the fundamental understanding of DNA/GO interaction and its quenching mechanism. Theoretical calculations predicted that quenching by graphene follows a d -4 dependency, where d is the fluorophore-to-graphene distance. [35,36] This is formally similar to the so-called nanosurface energy transfer (NSET) studied using gold nanoparticles as quencher. [37][38][39][40] Seo and co-workers recently measured the fluorescence intensity of Cy3.5 nearby GO separated by up to 18 base pairs (bp) of DNA, where immobilization was achieved via adsorption of a five-adenine overhang.[41]For a systematic study, we employed eight amino and 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) dual-labeled DNAs with varying FAM positions (see Figure 1D for the DNA sequences). TheDNAs were respectively reacted with GO in the presence of EDC to form covalent amide linkages ( Figure 1A, step 1), such that the FAM and GO were separated by...

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confidence: 95%

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

Huang

Liu

2012

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“…The scale of this effect, both in terms of the number of these localized spots as well as their intensity, depends on the rGO concentration. Emission quenching by rGO, which is a signature of efficient energy transfer, was previously reported for several different emitters [5,7,10,11,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. More interesting is the appearance of the localized highintensity spots across the sample surface, as evidenced by fluorescence imaging of PCP/rGO composites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…As shown recently, both GO and rGO can quench the fluorescence of emitters placed in their vicinity with the resonance energy transfer being considered as the most probable source for this effect [4][5][6][7]11,[17][18][19][20][21]. Indeed, both GO and rGO materials can quench fluorescence of dyes or biomolecules [4][5][6]17,18,22,23], quantum dots [7,11] and conjugated polymers [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Fluorescence imaging of hybrid nanostructures composed of natural photosynthetic complexes and reduced graphene oxide

Twardowska¹,

Chomicki²,

Kamińska³

et al. 2015

Nanospectroscopy

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rates, this technique in its many facets provides insight into various processes such as energy transfer, electron transfer, excited state reactions, molecular rearrangements, plasmonic interactions, and complex formation [1]. These are undoubtedly the key effects determining the properties of materials at the nanoscale, which can lead to changes in fluorescence intensity. While enhancement of fluorescence intensity can be most frequently induced by coupling fluorophores with metallic nanoparticles [2], either through absorption or fluorescence rate increase, fluorescence quenching is often the result of energy transfer to neighbouring acceptors. If these acceptors can emit fluorescence, the energy transfer leads to an increase of acceptor fluorescence intensity [1]; its fluorescence dynamics can also be affected. Alternatively, in the case of non-emitting acceptors, the energy is dissipated non-radiatively, predominantly as heat. Such a scenario appears in hybrid nanostructures that involve metallic nanoparticles [3] or carbon-based materials [4][5][6][7]. Following the first reports on obtaining graphene [8,9], a two-dimensional honeycomb carbon lattice known for its unique optoelectronic, thermal, and mechanical properties, several groups have applied this material as an acceptor in studying fluorescence of emitters placed in its vicinity [10][11][12][13]. The results indicate that incorporating graphene in such structures provides unexplored opportunities in devising novel architectures possibly applicable in photonics, optoelectronics, and biosensing [12][13][14][15].In addition to graphene, other carbon-based compounds, namely graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have been suggested as components of functional hybrid nanostructures. At first, they were considered disadvantageous, described often as distorted forms of highly crystalline graphene. Nevertheless, easy processing, solubility in various solvents, e.g. water, and the presence of oxygen containing functional groups [16], mean both GO and rGO are attractive materials for coupling them with other nanostructures. Particularly Abstract: Herein, we describe the results of fluorescence microscopy imaging of peridinin-chlorophyll-protein (PCP) photosynthetic complex mixed with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Upon incorporation of rGO the fluorescence image of PCP changes substantially from one characterized by uniform intensity towards a more complex pattern. The isolated bright spots feature up to ten times higher emission intensity compared to the fluorescence of PCP in the reference sample, where no rGO was added. The number of the bright spots increases with increasing rGO concentration. At the same time the fluorescence intensity away from the bright spots in the PCP/rGO hybrid system is quenched in comparison to the PCP -only reference.

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“…Hybrid materials of RGO and π-conjugated polymers such as poly(p-phenylenevinylene) 45 , poly(p-phenyleneethynylene) 46 , polyaniline [47][48][49] , and polypyrrole 50 have found applications in solar cells as well as in optoelectronic devices such as field-effect transistors and sensors.…”

Section: Graphene and Its Derivatives With Aromatic Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid materials of 1D and 2D carbon allotropes and synthetic π-systems

et al. 2018

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Self-assembled synthetic hybrid materials are an important class of artificial materials with potential applications in various fields ranging from optoelectronics to medicine. The noncovalent interactions involved in the self-assembly process offer a facile way to create hybrid materials with unique and interesting properties. In this context, selfassembled hybrid materials based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and graphene derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) are of particular significance. These composites are solution processable, generally exhibit enhanced electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties, and find applications in the fields of light harvesting, energy storage, optoelectronics, sensors, etc. Herein, we present a brief summary of recent developments in the area of self-assembled functional hybrid materials comprising one-dimensional (1D) or twodimensional (2D) carbon allotropes and synthetic π-systems such as aromatic molecules, gelators, and polymers.

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Fluorescence Quenching in Conjugated Polymers Blended with Reduced Graphitic Oxide

Cited by 102 publications

References 51 publications

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

Fluorescence imaging of hybrid nanostructures composed of natural photosynthetic complexes and reduced graphene oxide

Hybrid materials of 1D and 2D carbon allotropes and synthetic π-systems

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