Fluorescence Molecular Targeting of Colon Cancer to Visualize the Invisible

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cause of cancer and cancer-related death. Surgery is the only curative modality. Fluorescence-enhanced visualization of CRC with targeted fluorescent probes that can delineate boundaries and target tumor-specific biomarkers can increase rates of curative resection. Approaches to enhancing visualization of the tumor-to-normal tissue interface are active areas of investigation. Nonspecific dyes are the most-used approach, but tumor-specific targeting agents are progressing in clinical trials. The present narrative review describes the principles of fluorescence targeting of CRC for diagnosis and fluorescence-guided surgery with molecular biomarkers for preclinical or clinical evaluation.

Indocyanine Green(Icg) And Colorectal Surgery: A Literature Review on Qualitative and Quantitative Methods of Usage

“…Lieto [55] found that the diagnostic performance of ICG-FI was significantly superior to that of both preoperative (p = 0.027) and intraoperative (p = 0.042) conventional procedures, indicating that intraoperative ICG-FI may enhance patient outcomes after CS for PC due to CRC. A study by Lwin [56] reported fluorescence-associated molecular biomarkers in preclinical and clinical assessments. Numerous fluorescently tagged antibodies, peptides, particles, and other compounds relevant to cancer hallmarks have been produced for the lighting of the target lesion, as underlined by Mieog [57], Privitera [58], Nagaya [59] and Tipirneni [60].…”

Quantitative Methods for the Use of Icg in Colorectal Surgery - An Updated Literature Review

“…A study by Lwin [44] describes molecular biomarkers associated with fluorescence in pre-clinical and clinical evaluation. For the illumination of target lesions, an impressive number of fluorescently labeled antibodies, peptides, particles, and other molecules related to cancer hallmarks have been developed, as shown by Mieog [45] , Privitera [46], Nagaya [47] and Tipirneni [48] .…”

Recent advances in small-molecule fluorescent probes with the function of targeting cancer receptors

“…[1][2][3][4] As a treatment for cancer, surgery requires preoperative imaging to determine tumor boundaries, which may pose certain challenges to traditional localization methods due to scarring and brosis, which can mask viable tumors. 5 The high selectivity and sensitivity coupled with low trauma and cost of the emerging uorescent probe technology make it expected to be a reliable tool to solve the problem of cancer diagnosis and provide certain assistance in the clinical operation process. [6][7][8][9] The probe structure is divided into uorophore, linker, and recognition group.…”