Fluorescence as a potential monitoring tool for recycled water systems: A review

Henderson, Rita K.; Baker, Andy; Murphy, Kathleen R.; Hambly, Adam C.; Stuetz, Richard M.; Khan, Stuart J.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2008.11.027

Cited by 828 publications

(407 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix (3-DEEM). It was reported that 3-DEEM analytic technique has been widely used in characterization of natural organic matters in water body and has the advantages of high sensitivity and accuracy (Henderson et al, 2009). 3-DEEM was measured by a Hitachi F-4500 fluorescence spectrophotometer with an excitation range from 200 to 400 nm and an emission range from 220 to 550 nm.…”

Section: Extraction and Analysis Of Eps 2321 Eps Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of waste activated sludge dewaterability using calcium peroxide pre-oxidation and chemical re-flocculation

et al. 2016

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a b s t r a c tThe effects of combined calcium peroxide (CaO 2 ) oxidation with chemical re-flocculation on dewatering performance and physicochemical properties of waste activated sludge was investigated in this study. The evolutions of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) distribution, composition and morphological properties were analyzed to unravel the sludge conditioning mechanism. It was found that sludge filtration performance was enhanced by calcium peroxide oxidation with the optimal dosage of 20 mg/ gTSS. However, this enhancement was not observed at lower dosages due to the absence of oxidation and the performance deteriorated at higher dosages because of the release of excess EPS, mainly as proteinlike substances. The variation in soluble EPS (SEPS) component can be fitted well with pseudo-zero-order kinetic model under CaO 2 treatment. At the same time, extractable EPS content (SEPS and loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS)) were dramatically increased, indicating sludge flocs were effectively broken and their structure became looser after CaO 2 addition. The sludge floc structure was reconstructed and sludge dewaterability was significantly enhanced using chemical re-flocculation (polyaluminium chloride (PACl), ferric iron (FeCl 3 ) and polyacrylamide (PAM)). The inorganic coagulants performed better in improving sludge filtration dewatering performance and reducing cake moisture content than organic polymer, since they could act as skeleton builders and decrease the sludge compressibility.

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Section: Extraction and Analysis Of Eps 2321 Eps Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of waste activated sludge dewaterability using calcium peroxide pre-oxidation and chemical re-flocculation

et al. 2016

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“…3D-EEM analysis. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy is a highly sensitive and selective tool and had been extensively utilized to characterize natural organic matter (NOM), especially from microbial activity (Henderson et al, 2009). (A and B) related to proteins were observed in TB-EPS.…”

Section: Eps Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater sludge dewaterability enhancement using hydroxyl aluminum conditioning: Role of aluminum speciation

et al. 2016

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a b s t r a c tChemical conditioning is one of the most important processes for improve the performance of sludge dewatering device. Aluminum salt coagulant has been widely used in wastewater and sludge treatment. It is generally accepted that pre-formed speciation of aluminum salt coagulants (ASC) has an important influence on coagulation/flocculation performance. In this study, the interaction mechanisms between sludge particles and aluminum salt coagulants with different speciation of hydroxy aluminum were investigated by characterizing the changes in morphological and EPS properties. It was found that middle polymer state aluminum (Al b ) and high polymer state aluminum (Al c ) performed better than monomer aluminum and oligomeric state aluminum (Al a ) in reduction of specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and compressibility of wastewater sludge due to their higher charge neutralization and formed more compact flocs. Sludge was significantly acidified after addition Al a , while pH was much more stable under Al b and Al c conditioning due to their hydrolysis stability. The size of sludge flocs conditioned with Al b and Al c was small but flocs structure was denser and more compact, and floc strength is higher, while that formed from Al a is relatively large, but floc structure was loose, floc strength is relatively lower. Scanning environmental microscope analysis revealed that sludge flocs conditioned by Al b and Al c (especially PAC 2.5 and Al 13 ) exhibited obvious botryoidal structure, this is because sludge flocs formed by Al b and Al c were more compact and floc strength is high, it was easy generated plentiful tiny channels for water release. In addition, polymeric aluminum salt coagulant (Al b , Al c ) had better performance in compressing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) structure and removing sticky protein-like substances from soluble EPS fraction, contributing to improvement of sludge filtration performance. Therefore, this study provides a novel solution for improving sludge dewatering property by controlling aluminum speciation.

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“…The degree of sample change is also very concentration dependent, so water samples from a river with low analyte concentrations should be significantly more stable than a food or bioreactor sample. 3 The photophysical complexity of the sample also increases with compositional complexity. This too has an impact on the measurement process (see below).…”

Section: Sample Handling Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured emission shape can also be very sensitive to excitation/emission geometry. For samples with relatively low analyte concentrations, like water [3], the emission properties can be relatively easily modelled and understood. However, the situation becomes much more complicated in complex biogenic samples, such as cell culture media [4], food [5], or petroleum [6], where there are large numbers of fluorophores and quenchers present with many simultaneous competing photophysical processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration, standardization, and quantitative analysis of multidimensional fluorescence (MDF) measurements on complex mixtures (IUPAC Technical Report)

Ryder

Stedmon

Harrit

et al. 2017

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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This IUPAC Technical Report describes and compares the currently applied methods for the calibration and standardization of multi-dimensional fluorescence (MDF) spectroscopy data as well as recommendations on the correct use of chemometric methods for MDF data analysis. The paper starts with a brief description of the measurement principles for the most important MDF techniques and a short introduction to the most important applications. Recommendations are provided for instrument calibration, sample preparation and handling, and data collection, as well as the proper use of chemometric data analysis methods.

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Fluorescence as a potential monitoring tool for recycled water systems: A review

Cited by 828 publications

References 135 publications

Enhancement of waste activated sludge dewaterability using calcium peroxide pre-oxidation and chemical re-flocculation

Enhancement of waste activated sludge dewaterability using calcium peroxide pre-oxidation and chemical re-flocculation

Wastewater sludge dewaterability enhancement using hydroxyl aluminum conditioning: Role of aluminum speciation

Calibration, standardization, and quantitative analysis of multidimensional fluorescence (MDF) measurements on complex mixtures (IUPAC Technical Report)

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