Fluorescence and glass lasers

Optical properties of Er3+-doped alkali fluorophosphate glasses

“…Generally, the X 2 parameter is sensitive to the symmetry of the rare earth site and strongly affected by covalency between rare-earth ions and ligand anions, whereas X 4 and X 6 are related to the rigidity of the host medium in which the ions are situated [17]. In the present work, the X 2 values are larger than that of Er 3+ doped fluorophosphate [18], YAG [19], silicate and fluoride [20] host materials, which indicate that Er 3+ -doped fluorophosphate glasses are more covalent in character with higher symmetry.…”

On the origin of bichromatic laser emission in Nd^3+-doped fluoride glasses

“…The inhomogeneous nature of the spectroscopic properties of rare-earth ions in glasses due to site effects, which is good in optical pumping with broad band sources for lasers operating under small-signal gain conditions, may seriously affect the optimum energy extraction at large-signal gain operation because the gain is no longer simply proportional to the stored energy [3]. In this case, the distribution of the spectroscopic parameters from site to site must be considered.…”

Optical Properties of Lanthanide -Containing Halide-Modified Zinc Tellurite Glasses

“…Since these transitions are the result of subtle mixing of opposite parity states with pure 4f It is with regard to non-radiative losses that glasses appear to offer several advantages for hosting rare earth ions [4,5]. Unlike many of their crystalline counterparts, glasses possess a wide range of compositions with correspondingly diverse structural features.…”