Fluoren‐9‐ylidene‐Based Dyes for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Abstract

Three new dyes (1–3) with a triarylamine electron donor, a cyanoacrylic acid moiety as both electron acceptor and anchoring group, and a fluorene‐9‐ylidene moiety as an antenna were synthesized, and their electrochemical, photophysical, and photovoltaic properties were evaluated. Despite minor differences in absorption properties, as the starburst shape of the dyes increases and highly hindered hydrophobic groups are introduced, the measured open‐cell voltage (Voc) increased noticeably from 0.79 to 0.83 V, and the power‐conversion efficiency (PCE) value increased from 3.98 to 4.73 %.

Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidinium Salts for Cyanide Sensing: A Performance and Sustainability Study of the Probes

“…This variant leads to probe T-PS having a triphenylamine (TPA) moiety, which decreases the pyrazolo­[1,5- a ]­pyrimidinium salt electrophilicity, therefore increasing the selectivity toward highly nucleophilic species such as CN – . Moreover, better absorption coefficient values due to strong push–pull behavior and increasing π-conjugation were expected, as demonstrated in a recent study of 7-arylpyrazolo­[1,5- a ]­pyrimidine derivatives . In addition, adding the intrinsic fluorescent properties of the TPA moiety is an important characteristic for the probe optimization by including another instrumental method (fluorescence) for CN – sensing.…”

Ecological and Economic Efforts in the Development of Molecular Sensors for the Optical Detection of Cyanide Ions

“…Triarylamine is an amine that is substituted by three aryl groups with crucial features such as versatile chemical modifications, propeller‐like molecular structures, hole‐injection/transporting properties, and strong electron‐donating capability (low ionization potential of 6.80 eV), which are important of building blocks in opto‐ and electroactive materials [29,30] . Thus, this core has been widely investigated and applied in various materials such as organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), [31] nonlinear materials, [32] solvatofluorochromic probes, [33] organic field‐effect transistors, [34] and dye‐sensitized solar cells [35,36] . The above features have also been exploited in sensing hazardous substances with remarkable results.…”

“…[29,30] Thus, this core has been widely investigated and applied in various materials such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), [31] nonlinear materials, [32] solvatofluorochromic probes, [33] organic field-effect transistors, [34] and dye-sensitized solar cells. [35,36] The above features have also been exploited in sensing hazardous substances with remarkable results. This section describes the properties of some selected triarylamine-based probes (1 to 5) for cyanide and compares their sustainability performances using the five parameters described above.…”

Dibenzofulvene Derivatives as Promising Materials for Photovoltaic and Organic Electronics

“…First of all, this is due to the many advantages of compounds of this type, such as the possibility of modification through many chemical reactions, excellent thermal stability, the high quantum yield of photoluminescence, relatively good features of molecular self-assembly, ambipolar properties of charge transport (holes and electrons), many peculiar features regarding nonlinear optical properties, as well as very good photostability [40,50]. A very interesting variant of the mentioned compounds are dibenzofulvene derivatives (DBFs) (Figure 1) [32][33][34][35][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][48][49][50]. These compounds largely retain the properties of fluorene and its derivatives.…”

“…However, due to the carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) in the C9 position of fluorene and the additional substituent at the end of this bond, dibenzofulvene derivatives gain additional opportunities to modify their physicochemical properties. Thanks to this, dibenzofulvene derivatives are becoming increasingly popular compounds in various research [32][33][34][35][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][48][49][50].…”