Flume study on the effects of microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) on the erosional behaviour of fine sand

Abstract

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Biocementation mediated by native microbes from Brahmaputra riverbank for mitigation of soil erodibility

“…One of the recent studies by Clarà Saracho et al . 27 investigated the influence of tangential erosion by utilizing erosion function apparatus (EFA) and reported that treatment of soil sample with one pore volume of 0.08 M biocementation solution for 10 days brought erosion values down to a negligible level for a tangential flow of 0 to 0.185 m/s 27 . To the authors’ best knowledge, no study for riverbank erosion mitigation with a bio-stimulation approach has been reported yet.…”

Biocementation Mediated By Stimulated Ureolytic Microbes From Brahmaputra Riverbank For Mitigation of Soil Erosion

“…The samples were saturated and then the ow velocity was increased stepwise at intervals of a 5-minute time interval (Supplementary data, gure 3). This stepwise incremental ow methodology was considered based on the study by Clarà Saracho et al 35 , as the critical ow velocity is expected to increase with the biocementation treatment levels. The ow was operated using the control panel and velocity was measured on three different points near the sample using a pulse velocity meter.…”

“…Later, Jiang et al 34 investigated rainfall-induced erosion simulations for various treated soil 0.2,1 and 2.0 M by spraying of cementation solution four times and observed that 0.2 and 1.0 Molar cementation solution treated soils were substantially more resistant against rainfall-induced erosion when compared to 2 M treated soil. One of the recent studies by Clarà Saracho et al 35 investigated the in uence of tangential erosion by utilizing erosion function apparatus (EFA) and reported that treatment of soil sample with one pore volume of 0.08 M biocementation solution for 10 days brought values down to a negligible level for a tangential ow of 0 to 0.185 m/s 35 . As soil is rich in microbial diversity with approximately 10 9 -10 12 microorganisms per kilogram of soil nearby the ground surface 36 , any supplemented foreign bacteria has to compete with the native microorganisms for their survival in the new environment 29,30,37 . Hence, utilizing the indigenous microorganisms over the bio-augmentation approach for soil improvement has de nite advantages such as minimal intervention to native biodiversity and reducing the cost of bacterial transport.…”

“…Later, Jiang et al 34 investigated rainfall-induced erosion simulations for various treated soil 0.2,1 and 2.0 M by spraying of cementation solution four times and observed that 0.2 and 1.0 Molar cementation solution treated soils were substantially more resistant against rainfall-induced erosion when compared to 2 M treated soil. One of the recent studies by Clarà Saracho et al 35 investigated the in uence of tangential erosion by utilizing erosion function apparatus (EFA) and reported that treatment of soil sample with one pore volume of 0.08 M biocementation solution for 10 days brought values down to a negligible level for a tangential ow of 0 to 0.185 m/s 35 .…”

“…However, with two and three cycles of biocementation treatment (BS3-BC2 and BS3-BC3), the biocemented soil particles (BCS) were evidently noticed (photos are shown in supplementary data, gure 4). Clarà Saracho et al35 addressed the erosion due to tangential ow (similar to river current) by treating the soil specimen with for ten pore volume of low concentration of cementation media (0.02 M to 0.1 M) by injection strategy and tested the specimen in the ow velocity ranging from 0.035 to 0.185 m/sec for 120 minutes in a modi ed erosion function apparatus (EFA). The study concluded that the treatment with 0.08M cementation media (calcite content varying from 1.2 to 4%) resulted in negligible erosion in the stated test conditions.…”