Fluids and hydration in prolonged endurance performance

Duvillard, Serge P. von; Braun, William A.; Markofski, Melissa M.; Beneke, Ralph; Leithäuser, Renate M.

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.011

Cited by 138 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Such drinks are generally based on water, carbohydrates and sodium (Na + ). Carbohydrates give energy but result in water loss whereas sodium facilitates the uptake of water 6,7 . Sweat monitoring and analysis in a convenient and in situ manner could play a major role in this research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wearable electrochemical sensor for the real-time measurement of sweat sodium concentration

Schazmann¹,

et al. 2010

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We report a new easier method for the quantitative analysis of sodium in human sweat. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time this has been done successfully in a real-time manner. We consolidate sweat stimulation, collection and analysis functions into a single method. This temporal data opens up new possibilities in the study of human physiology, broadly applicable from assessing athletic performance and hydration levels to monitoring Cystic Fibrosis (CF) sufferers. Our compact Sodium Sensor Belt (SSB) consists of a sodium selective Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) integrated into a platform that can be interfaced with the human body during exercise. No skin cleaning regime or sweat storage technology is required as samples is continually wicked from skin to a sensing surface and on to a waste terminal via a fabric pump. After an initial equilibration period, a sodium plateau concentration was reached and monitored continuously. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used as a refe rence method, confirming accuracy. The plateau concentrations observed fell within expected literature ranges, further confirming accuracy. Daily calibration 2 repeatability (n=4) was ±3.0% RSD and over a three month period reproducibility was ±12.1% RSD (n=56). As a further application, we attempted to monitor the sweat of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) sufferers using the same device. We observed high sodium concentrations symptomatic of CF (~60mM Na + ) for 2 CF patients, with no conclusive results for the remaining patients due to their limited exercising capability. The real-time monitoring of hydration levels during physical exercise for health and performance purposes is a particularly promising application for the SSB at present.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wearable electrochemical sensor for the real-time measurement of sweat sodium concentration

Schazmann¹,

et al. 2010

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“…11,28 Sporcular kaybettikleri sıvıları yerine koymak için sıvı tüketimlerini arttırsalar da; tüketilen sıvıların gastrik boşalma ve emilme hızı, sıvı kaybetme hızından daha yavaştır. Bu nedenle sıvı kayıplarını etkin bir şekilde karşılamak zordur ve ne kadar sıvı tüketilirse tüketilsin vücut sıvılarında düşüş gerçekleşmektedir.…”

Section: Sıvı Dengesinin Korunmasıunclassified

Sporcularda Sıvı Dengesi ve Performansa Etkisi

Çirak¹,

Funda²

2017

Ankara Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

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ÖZETVücutta gerçekleşen bütün biyokimyasal ve fizyolojik fonksiyonlar vücudun sıvı dengesine bağlıdır. Yetersiz sıvı alımı, çevre şartları ve fiziksel aktivitelerin yapılması vücut sıvı dengesini bozmaktadır. Özellikle antrenman veya egzersiz yapan sporcular terlemeye bağlı olarak ciddi miktarlarda sıvı ve elektrolit kaybederler. Kaybedilen sıvı ve elektrolitlerin yerine konması sporcunun, sağlığı ve performansının korunması için son derece önemlidir. Vücut sıvıları azaldıkça performansta düşüş, termoregülasyonda bozulma, sıcağa toleransın azalması vb. çeşitli fizyolojik durumlar ortaya çıkar. Bu durumlardan korunmak ve düzeltmek için sporcuların gün içerisinde düzenli olarak belirli aralıklarla sıvı tüketmeye özen göstermesi; antrenman öncesi, sırası ve sonrası da kendilerine özel bir sıvı alım planı oluşturup uygulamaları gerekmektedir. Bu derleme yazı vücut sıvı dengesinin atletik performans ile arasındaki mekanizmanın ve etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Atletik performans, Egzersiz, Hidrasyon, Dehidrasyon Fluıd Balance And Its Effect On Performance In Athletes AbstractAll the biochemical and physiological functions that take place in the body depend on the fluid balance of the body. Inadequate fluid intake, environmental conditions and physical activity disrupt the body fluid balance. Athletes, especially those who practice or exercise, lose fluid and electrolyte in significant amounts due to sweating. Replacement of lost fluids and electrolytes is extremely important for the athlete's health and performance. As the body fluids decrease, the performance decreases, the thermoregulation deteriorates, the the tolerance of the temperature decreases and various physiological conditions arise. In order to protect and improve these situations, athletes should take regular measures to consume liquids at regular intervals throughout the day. And they need to create and apply a special fluid intake plan before, during and after training. This review is designed to evaluate the mechanics and effects of body fluid balance on athletic performance.

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“…Additionally, the atrial natriuretic peptide secreted by the heart also participates in the water balance in the body. Therefore, the hydration status of an athlete during the exertion is regulated by many factors and hormones (Von Duvillard, Braun, Markofski, Beneke, & Leithäuser, 2004).…”

Section: Long Distance Run Induced Hydration and Kidney Function Chanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long distance run induced hydration and kidney function changes in marathoners

Gonçalves

Aquino

Puggina

2015

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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Abstract--The aim of the study was to verify the hydration status and the kidney function in marathoners during the training season and after a marathon race. Nine male runners were investigated during 12 weeks of training. Urine was collected in four moments; in the beginning (C1) and during (C2) the training program, before (C3) and after (C4) the competition. Urine pH was measured using reagent tapes, urine density with a refractometer, protein excretion by Bradford assay and erythrocytes and leucocytes by microscopy. Changes were observed when C-4 was compared to the other collection times for all variables investigated. It is possible to conclude that physical exertion induced important changes in the hydration status and glomerular membrane selectivity to macromolecules, modifying the kidney function of the marathoners in C4. Keywords: marathon, dehydration, kidney function, urine analysisResumo--"Corrida de longa distância induz a mudanças no estado de hidratação e na função renal em maratonistas." O objetivo do estudo foi verificar o estado de hidratação e a função renal de maratonistas durante uma temporada preparatória e após a competição. Foram estudados nove maratonistas durante 12 semanas de treinamento. A urina foi coletada em quatro momentos: antes (C1) e durante (C2) o protocolo de treinamento, antes (C3) e após (C4) a competição. Foram mensurados o pH a partir de tiras de reagentes, a densidade por meio do refratômetro, a proteinúria pelo ensaio de Bradford, concentração de eritrócitos e de leucócitos por microscopia. Alterações foram encontradas quando comparado o C-4 com as coletas anteriores para todas as variáveis estudadas. Pode-se concluir que o exercício físico induziu a modificações importantes no estado de hidratação dos corredores e na função da membrana glomerular, modificando assim, a função renal dos maratonistas no momento pós prova. Palavras-chave: maratona, desidratação, função renal, análises urináriasResumen--"Funcionamiento para un cambios de larga distancia inducido en el estado de hidratación y función renal en maratonistas." El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el estado de hidratación y la función renal en los corredores de maratón durante una temporada de preparación y después de la competición. Se estudiaron nueve corredores durante 12 semanas de entrenamiento. La orina se recogió en cuatro momentos: antes y durante el protocolo de entrenamiento, antes y después de la competición. PH de tiras reactivas, de densidad a través del refractómetro, proteinuria por Bradford ensayo, concentración de eritrocitos y leucocitos fueron medidos por microscopía. No se encontraron cambios al comparar el C-4 con las colecciones anteriores para todas las variables. Se puede concluir que el ejercicio induce cambios significativos en el estado de hidratación de los corredores y la función de la membrana glomerular, modificando de este modo la función renal del tiempo de maratón después de la carrera.Palabras claves: maratón, deshidratación, la función renal, análisis urinario

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Fluids and hydration in prolonged endurance performance

Cited by 138 publications

References 68 publications

A wearable electrochemical sensor for the real-time measurement of sweat sodium concentration

A wearable electrochemical sensor for the real-time measurement of sweat sodium concentration

Sporcularda Sıvı Dengesi ve Performansa Etkisi

Long distance run induced hydration and kidney function changes in marathoners

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