Fluidization and separation characteristics of a gas–solid separation fluidized bed in the presence of an acoustic field

Application of acoustic techniques to fluid-particle systems – A review

“…In such gas-solid systems, elastic waves are generated from the particle-particle or particle chamber wall collisions or friction (Atkinson and Kyto¨maa, (1993)). The sound generated by the friction, collisions and fluid turbulence in gas-particle systems includes not only audible sound, detectable by a microphone, but also high frequency sound in the non-audible range (Xu et al, (2021)). The generated elastic waves (or sound) can be recorded by a microphone or an acoustic emission (AE) sensor.…”

“…The AE sensors have a piezoelectric element which converts the mechanical sound wave into an electrical analogue signal, which is then amplified and converted to digital data and displayed on an oscilloscope. Xu et al, (2021) (Tsujimoto et al, (1999)), b) A comparison of ultrasound level measurements with visually measured bed levels in a hopper (H is the distance of the powder level from the probe) (Kong et al, (2017)).…”

Influence of Vortex Finder Dimensions in a Circumfluent Cyclone: CFD-DPM Simulation

“…There is a wide variety of highly efficient solid-gas separation equipment such as electrostatic precipitators [2], electro-acoustic fields [3], and dust collectors [4]. By comparison, the use of cyclone helps to reduce the amount of energy that is used in production, as well as the amount of waste generated.…”