Fluidic-chemical characteristics of electroless copper deposition of ordered mass-fabricated pillars in a microchannel for chip packaging applications

Dislodgement of Hydrogen Bubbles in Microchannels with Embedded Pillars: An Analytical, Experimental, and Numerical Study

“…Microfluidic devices with integrated pillars have gained increased attention across various scientific and industrial research fields, including engineering, chemistry, and biomedicine. [1][2][3][4] Common applications in these areas involve microelectronic packaging and cooling, [5][6][7][8][9] hydrogen (H 2 ) production and storage for renewable hybrid energy systems, and micro-total analysis (e.g., due to chemical reactions) are scarcely discussed and remain unclear. [27] Alongside mathematical analyses, experimental investigations have also been conducted.…”

“…Microfluidic devices with integrated pillars have gained increased attention across various scientific and industrial research fields, including engineering, chemistry, and biomedicine. [ 1–4 ] Common applications in these areas involve microelectronic packaging and cooling, [ 5–9 ] hydrogen (H 2 ) production and storage for renewable hybrid energy systems, and micro‐total analysis systems (µTAS). [ 10–13 ] Over the past decades, many of these microfluidic systems have been scaled down, now reaching dimensions at the lower‐micrometer scale.…”

“…[ 15 ] However, if the pressure gradient is not sufficiently high, gas bubbles could accumulate and disrupt or alter the primary process. [ 6,7 ] Therefore, controlling gas–liquid behavior is crucial for the functionality of small microfluidic devices.…”

“…The experimental method employs a controlled redox reaction to generate isolated H 2 bubbles, an approach recently discussed in the literature. [ 6 ] The insights gained from this study offer valuable guidance for analyzing and optimizing complex microfluidic systems at the low‐micrometer scale. These findings can reduce the mechanical load on microfluidic systems while increasing the surface‐to‐volume ratio, which is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness and production capacity in the aforementioned applications.…”

A Projection Method for Compressible Generic Two-Fluid Model

“…Multi-fluid flows are widely seen in both nature and industry. For instance, the oil/gas/water threephase system is encountered in petroleum industry [1,2,3]; two-gas system is used in the semiconductor manufacture [4,5,6]; and gas/liquid system occurs in many chemical engineering processes [7,8,9,10]. The simplest case is the two-fluid system.…”