Fluid Tolerance while Running: Effect of Repeated Trials

Lambert, G. P.; Lang, Jr. P.G.; Bull, Alexandre; Eckerson, Joan M.; Lanspa, Stephen J.; O'Brien, J. A.

doi:10.1055/s-2008-1038620

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…23 Although it is simple, the alteration of body mass after physical exercise has been considered a suitable parameter to assess dehydration. 24 The body mass variation found in this study was similar other studies. 2,25 The body mass reduction is associated with the decrease in the hydric body content, mainly for the maintenance of the temperature to avoid damaging the normal physiologic functions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sweat Rate Measurements After High Intensity Interval Training Using Body Weight

Machado

Evangelista

Miranda

et al. 2018

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: Physical activity raises body temperature, increases the sweat rate and accelerates fluid loss during exercise, thereby impairing exercise performance. However, studies using the high intensity interval training (HIIT) approach and its effects on rates of perspiration and hydration are still inconclusive. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess sweating and water loss during an HIIT workout session, using body weight, with healthy college students. Methods: Twenty male individuals (31 ± 07 years) were split into two groups: Active group (AG) and Inactive group (IG). The HIIT workout protocol, using body weight, consisted of a single bout with 1:1 stimuli, being: 30" "all out" intensity, involving jumping jack, mountain climber, burpee and squat jump exercises; and 30" of passive recovery, totaling 20 minutes of exercises. For comparison purposes, after 48 hours all the individuals underwent the continuous running protocol with intensity corresponding to 75% of maximum heart rate for 40 minutes. The intensity of the session was monitored continuously, at each 30", using the perceived exertion scale for both protocols. To ensure euhydration status, all individuals ingested 500 ml of water 120 minutes before the training session. Results: Significant differences (p= 0.01) were found in body mass after HIIT compared to the Moderate session in both Active (HIIT: -0.60 ± 0.29 kg, Moderate: -0.26 ± 0.12 kg) and Inactive (HIIT: -0.92 ± 0.30 kg, Moderate: -0.26 ± 0.26 kg) groups, however, no differences were found between groups. Absolute sweating rate values comparing moderate and HIIT single bout in Inactive (Moderate: 10.55 ± 10.59 ml/min; HIIT: 28.90 ± 13.88 ml/min) and Active (Moderate: 9.60 ± 4.52 ml/min; HIIT: 26.00 ± 15.06 ml/min) groups were different between types of exercise, but not between groups. Conclusions: The sweating rate is influenced by the intensity of the exercise, being higher after HIIT than after a moderate exercise session. However, the sweating rate variation is not affected by the subjects' physical activity level. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic studies-Investigating a diagnostic test.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sweat Rate Measurements After High Intensity Interval Training Using Body Weight

Machado

Evangelista

Miranda

et al. 2018

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…For example, it has previously been observed that acute episodes of substantially high intragastric pressure and intestinal load attenuates gastric emptying and orocaecal transit time through neural and hormonal feedback mechanisms along the gastrointestinal tract (Costill and Saltin 1974;(Miller et al 1981;Minami and McCallum 1984). However, repeated ingestion of a test solution has been shown to maintain a consistent intragastric pressure resulting in an enhanced gastric emptying rate and improved stomach comfort (Lambert et al 2008;Noakes et al 1991). It is, therefore, not surprising that two weeks of gut-training (i.e., repetitive gut-challenge) on CHO-S and CHO-F resulted in marked reductions in gut discomfort and gastrointestinal symptoms in GC2.…”

Section: Blood Glucose Plasma Cortisol and I-fabp Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut-training: the impact of two weeks repetitive gut-challenge during exercise on gastrointestinal status, glucose availability, fuel kinetics, and running performance

Costa

Miall

Khoo

et al. 2017

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

115

264

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“…Lambert et al [50] assessed tolerance to fluid ingestion with repeated sessions of drinking while running. During five runs, subjects drank a volume of the solution every 10 min equal to their sweat production over 10 min.…”

Section: ‘Training the Gut’mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations

2014

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Gastrointestinal problems are common, especially in endurance athletes, and often impair performance or subsequent recovery. Generally, studies suggest that 30–50 % of athletes experience such complaints. Most gastrointestinal symptoms during exercise are mild and of no risk to health, but hemorrhagic gastritis, hematochezia, and ischemic bowel can present serious medical challenges. Three main causes of gastrointestinal symptoms have been identified, and these are either physiological, mechanical, or nutritional in nature. During intense exercise, and especially when hypohydrated, mesenteric blood flow is reduced; this is believed to be one of the main contributors to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms. Reduced splanchnic perfusion could result in compromised gut permeability in athletes. However, although evidence exists that this might occur, this has not yet been definitively linked to the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Nutritional training and appropriate nutrition choices can reduce the risk of gastrointestinal discomfort during exercise by ensuring rapid gastric emptying and the absorption of water and nutrients, and by maintaining adequate perfusion of the splanchnic vasculature. A number of nutritional manipulations have been proposed to minimize gastrointestinal symptoms, including the use of multiple transportable carbohydrates, and potentially the use of nutrients that stimulate the production of nitric oxide in the intestine and thereby improve splanchnic perfusion. However, at this stage, evidence for beneficial effects of such interventions is lacking, and more research needs to be conducted to obtain a better understanding of the etiology of the problems and to improve the recommendations to athletes.

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Fluid Tolerance while Running: Effect of Repeated Trials

Cited by 36 publications

References 32 publications

Sweat Rate Measurements After High Intensity Interval Training Using Body Weight

Sweat Rate Measurements After High Intensity Interval Training Using Body Weight

Gut-training: the impact of two weeks repetitive gut-challenge during exercise on gastrointestinal status, glucose availability, fuel kinetics, and running performance

Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations

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