Fluid therapy in calves

Hallowell, Gayle; Remnant, John

doi:10.1136/inp.i4668

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The app was designed after reviewing peer‐reviewed clinical research, review articles and large animal medicine textbooks. At the time of the study, users could determine dehydration based on the severity of enophthalmos (% dehydrated = eyeball recession in mm × 1.7), 10 maintenance requirement for neonatal calves was set at 4 mL/kg/h and users were able to set ongoing losses at values of 1 to 4 L per day 4‐6,11,12 . Acid‐base imbalances were estimated using direct measurements of bicarbonate concentration in blood or by using a previously described algorithm, 5 which is based on ability to stand, suck reflex, and age.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the time of the study, users could determine dehydration based on the severity of enophthalmos (% dehydrated = eyeball recession in mm Â 1.7), 10 maintenance requirement for neonatal calves was set at 4 mL/kg/h and users were able to set ongoing losses at values of 1 to 4 L per day. [4][5][6]11,12 Acid-base imbalances were estimated using direct measurements of bicarbonate concentration in blood or by using a previously described algorithm, 5 which is based on ability to stand, suck reflex, and age. We decided to use the previously proposed method 5 instead of a more recently validated method, 3,13 because it was the method routinely used in our veterinary clinic.…”

Section: Development Of the Fluid Therapy Appmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can apps be used to formulate fluid therapy plans in veterinary medicine?

Zduoba

House

Rowe

2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Formulating sophisticated fluid therapy plans can be complicated and time consuming. Consequently, veterinarians in the field who lack experience, time, or confidence may formulate suboptimal fluid therapy plans. Objectives Compare conventional and app‐guided fluid therapy plans for simulated cases of neonatal calf diarrhea. Participants Third and fourth year veterinary students (n = 55) from The University of Sydney. Methods We developed a web app to assist fluid therapy formulation (http://calfaid.com) that was evaluated in a randomized case simulation trial. Participants were instructed to perform fluid therapy calculations and formulate an integrated fluid therapy plan for case scenarios using conventional methods and using the fluid therapy app. Responses were scored by a blinded study investigator using an a priori scoring guide and groups (conventional vs. app‐guided) were compared using linear mixed models. Results On average, total scores for app‐guided fluid therapy calculations were 20.6% points higher (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.1‐27.1) than calculations completed using the conventional method (88.2% vs. 67.5%, respectively). On average, total scores for app‐guided integrated fluid therapy plans were 14.2% points higher (95% CI, 6.3‐22.2; 65.8% vs. 51.2%). Eighty percent of respondents indicated they would prefer to use the app‐guided method over the conventional method. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Our findings suggest that fluid therapy plans can be improved using apps.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of the Fluid Therapy Appmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can apps be used to formulate fluid therapy plans in veterinary medicine?

Zduoba

House

Rowe

2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Assessment of dehydration, as highlighted in Box 1, is also a crucial part of assessing diarrhoea in calves. This is key for determining the optimal fluid therapy administration as the majority of mortalities due to calf diarrhoea are caused by dehydration; fluid therapy is covered in detail in Hallowell and Remnant (2016). Alongside dehydration, there is a risk of metabolic acidosis with diarrhoea (Box 1).…”

Section: Individual Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical examination of cattle. Part 2: calves, technology and ancillary testing

Sherwin¹,

Nelson²,

Kerby³

et al. 2022

In Practice

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Background: A systematic clinical examination of calves is key for reaching a diagnosis and creating a management plan for sick animals, with the principles of an individual animal clinical examination giving an indication of group‐level issues within the herd. The use of ancillary testing can aid in diagnosing different conditions in both youngstock and adult cattle, as well as determining the prognosis for the animal. This has become more accessible recently due to the developments in sensors and the application of diagnostic imaging, as well as calf‐side tests. Aim of the article: This article is the second in a two‐part series on undertaking a clinical examination of cattle. This article focuses on how to perform a clinical examination of a calf, at both an individual and a population level, and also discusses the role of technology and ancillary testing in aiding the clinical examination of both adult cattle and calves. Part 1 focused on examining adult dairy and beef cattle (Nelson and others 2022).

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“…Bilateral jugular venous catheters (12 G, Intraflon 2, 80 mm, Vygon) were placed and used for fluid therapy and drug administration. The calf was estimated to be 10 per cent dehydrated based on clinical signs and laboratory blood values, and replacement fluid requirement was calculated as: dehydration (%) x bodyweight (kg),15 that is, 10% x 200 kg=20 litres. An initial fluid bolus of 2 litres (10 ml/kg) of Lactated Ringer’s solution (Vetivex Ringer-Lactate infusion, Dechra) was administered over 30 minutes, followed by a bolus of 1 litre (5 ml/kg) of 7.5 per cent hypertonic saline (B Braun Vet Care Hypertonic NaCl solution 7.5 g/100 ml) administered over 20 minutes.…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal cardiac arrest in a calf with uroperitoneum

Tayari

Cuypers

Schäffler

et al. 2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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A five-month-old Belgian Blue female calf presented with a 72-hour history of depression, anorexia, muscle weakness and severe abdominal distension. Abdominal ultrasonography and abdominocentesis revealed the presence of uroperitoneum due to bladder rupture.Venous blood gas analysis showed haemoconcentration, hyperkalaemia and metabolic acidosis. Electrolytes and fluid balance were corrected with aggressive fluid therapy and peritoneal drainage overnight, and surgery was scheduled for the following day.Intraoperatively, gradual drainage of abdominal fluid was performed to avoid sudden haemodynamic changes, and despite successful bladder reconstruction, near the end of surgery, the patient developed severe bradycardia, atrial standstill, sine waves and pulseless electrical activity, unresponsive to cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cardiac arrest in this calf was likely caused by a combination of washout of toxic product from previous ischaemic tissues, severe acidosis, severe hypoxaemia and electrolyte disturbances. Clinicians should be prepared to handle possible complications of uroperitoneum.

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Fluid therapy in calves

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Can apps be used to formulate fluid therapy plans in veterinary medicine?

Can apps be used to formulate fluid therapy plans in veterinary medicine?

Clinical examination of cattle. Part 2: calves, technology and ancillary testing

Fatal cardiac arrest in a calf with uroperitoneum

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