Fluid Therapy for the Emergent Small Animal Patient: Crystalloids, Colloids, and Albumin Products

Mazzaferro, Elisa M.; Powell, Lisa L.

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2022.01.008

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…During hospitalization, a fluid resuscitation protocol was performed on all three cats with one or multiple 20 mL/kg boli of lactated Ringer’s solution (LRS). Then, a continuous rate of infusion of LRS was maintained throughout the entire time of hospitalization [ 20 ].…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Parvovirus Lethal Outbreak in a Group of Adult Cohabiting Domestic Cats

Pacini,

Forzan,

Franzo

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Feline panleukopenia is a highly contagious and often fatal disease in cats. The virus, known as feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), primarily affects kittens and unvaccinated cats. It is transmitted through contact with infected cats or their bodily fluids, as well as contaminated objects and environments. The diagnosis of FPV infection can be confirmed through a combination of clinical signs, blood tests, and fecal testing. Prevention through vaccination is recommended for all cats. This case report describes an outbreak of feline panleukopenia in a group of unvaccinated domestic cats that resulted in acute mortality. The lesions were evaluated using histopathology, and the specific viral strain was characterized using molecular techniques. The clinical course of the outbreak was peracute, with a hemorrhagic pattern and 100% of lethality. The observed clinical-pathological pattern was unusual; nevertheless, molecular studies did not highlight peculiar genomic features of the parvovirus isolate. The outbreak affected 3 out of 12 cats in a very short time. However, the prompt application of biosecurity measures and vaccination resulted in an effective interruption of virus spread. In conclusion, we could assume that the virus found the ideal conditions to infect and replicate at high titers, resulting in a particularly aggressive outbreak.

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Parvovirus Lethal Outbreak in a Group of Adult Cohabiting Domestic Cats

Pacini,

Forzan,

Franzo

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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“…In veterinary medicine, fluid therapy is an important treatment for small animals. It is used for multiple purposes such as correcting dehydration, maintaining proper blood volume, addressing electrolyte imbalances, and ensuring proper transport of fluids within the body [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary research on tailored fluid therapy in pigs: comparing customized ionic solutions with Hartmann’s solution

Lee,

Han

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background Fluid therapy in veterinary medicine is pivotal for treating various conditions in pigs; however, standard solutions, such as Hartmann’s solution, may not optimally align with pig physiology. This study explored the development and efficacy of a customized fluid therapy tailored to the ionic concentrations of pig blood, aiming to enhance treatment outcomes and safety in both healthy and diseased pigs. Results The study involved two experiments: the first to assess the safety and stability of customized fluids in healthy pigs, and the second to evaluate the efficacy in pigs with clinical symptoms of dehydration. In healthy pigs, the administration of customized fluids showed no adverse effects, with slight alterations observed in pO2, hematocrit, and glucose levels in some groups. In symptomatic pigs, the customized fluid group did not show any improvement in clinical symptoms, with no significant changes in blood chemistry or metabolite levels compared to controls. The customized fluid group showed a mild increase in some values after administration, yet within normal physiological ranges. The study reported no significant improvements in clinical or dehydration status, attributing the observed variations in blood test results to the limited sample size and anaesthesia effects rather than fluid characteristics. Conclusions Customized fluid therapy, tailored to mimic the ionic concentrations of pig blood, appears to be a safe and potentially more effective alternative to conventional solutions such as Hartmann’s solution for treating pigs under various health conditions. Further research with larger sample sizes and controlled conditions is recommended to validate these findings and to explore the full potential of customized fluid therapy in veterinary practice.

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“…Natural colloids, such as plasma and human or canine albumin, can be used to increase albumin concentration ( 14 ). About 45–50 mL/kg plasma are required to increase serum albumin concentration by 10 g/L ( 15 , 16 ). Human albumin is more effective than plasma to elevate albumin concentration, colloid osmotic pressure, total protein as well as systemic blood pressure ( 17–20 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of intravenous 10% amino acids infusion on serum albumin concentration in hypoalbuminemic dogs

Schneider¹,

Hartmann²,

Dörfelt³

2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of parenteral amino acid application in hospitalized hypoalbuminemic dogs.Materials and methodsMedical records of client-owned hypoalbuminemic dogs (albumin ≤ 25 g/L) were analyzed. Dogs receiving amino acids for only 1–2 days, receiving transfusions or surgery, or <6 months of age were excluded. Dogs were grouped as those receiving intravenous amino acids (AA, 80 dogs) over 3 days and longer, and those without additional amino acid treatment (CON, 78 dogs). Duration of hospitalization, albumin, and total protein concentrations were compared between groups by Mann–Whitney U test. Course of albumin and total protein concentration was evaluated by Friedman test and Dunn’s multiple comparison test. Significance was set to p ≤ 0.05.ResultsDogs in group AA received 10% amino acid solution intravenously over median 4 days (3–11 days). No significant differences regarding survival and adverse effects were observed between groups. Dogs of group AA had significantly longer duration of hospitalization (median 8 days; 3–33 days) compared to group CON dogs (median 6 days, 3–24 days; p < 0.001). Initial albumin concentration was lower in group AA compared to CON (p < 0.001). This difference was no longer present on day 2 (p = 0.134).Conclusions and clinical relevanceIntravenous application of 10% amino acid solution in hypoalbuminemic dogs can improve albumin concentration after 2 days, but does not influence outcome.

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Fluid Therapy for the Emergent Small Animal Patient: Crystalloids, Colloids, and Albumin Products

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Feline Parvovirus Lethal Outbreak in a Group of Adult Cohabiting Domestic Cats

Feline Parvovirus Lethal Outbreak in a Group of Adult Cohabiting Domestic Cats

Preliminary research on tailored fluid therapy in pigs: comparing customized ionic solutions with Hartmann’s solution

Influence of intravenous 10% amino acids infusion on serum albumin concentration in hypoalbuminemic dogs

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