Fluid Structure Interaction Simulations Applied to Automotive Aerodynamics

Patil, Sunil; Lietz, Robert; Woodiga, Sudesh; Ahn, Hojun; Larson, Levon; Gin, Ronald; Elmore, Michael; Simpson, Alexander

doi:10.4271/2015-01-1544

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There are various methods available for FSI simulation. The selection of a particular method generally depends on the availability of the fluid and solid solver code, computation time, as well as the importance of the solid deformation process to the physics involved [19].…”

Section: Fluid-structure Interaction (Fsi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid-Structure Interaction on The Design of Fully Assembled Shell Eco-Marathon (SEM) Prototype Car

Tiew

Lee

Chang

et al. 2020

CFDL

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To achieve high fuel efficiency, vehicles designs are inclined to choose lightweight materials and structures. However, these structures are generally weak, and structural integrity is a common concern. The purpose of this paper is to carry out fluid-structure interaction (FSI) study in one-way coupling analysis on a Shell Eco Marathon (SEM) prototype car which travels in a low-speed range to analyse its structural response. A new set of economical materials is proposed and analysed with the concern on self-fabrication process. The Flax fibre composite is introduced as a part of the proposed material set due to its environmental and economic advantages. The study herein is purely a numerical simulation work as a first approach to design a sustainable SEM prototype car. The fully assembled SEM prototype car was analysed with the proposed materials with ANSYS Workbench in the coupling of the fluid (ANSYS Fluent) and structural solver (ANSYS Mechanical) in a one-way FSI. Even with a thin shell design, the proposed material only experiences minimum deformations. The simulations also reveal that the maximum von-Mises stress experienced, after considered the safety factor, is still several order lower than the yield strength. This study has confirmed that the car design has fulfilled its structural requirements to operate at the design speed.

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Section: Fluid-structure Interaction (Fsi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid-Structure Interaction on The Design of Fully Assembled Shell Eco-Marathon (SEM) Prototype Car

Tiew

Lee

Chang

et al. 2020

CFDL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on a geometric parameterisation study using the FSI technique, the flap shape was optimised in order to minimise deformation. A front spoiler was numerically analysed using a two-way FSI weakly coupled method to evaluate the effect of interaction between the component and near/far flow fields on vehicle drag [33]. The computational results were supported in comparison with the experiments performed in a wind tunnel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation and Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) Analysis on a Double-Element Simplified Formula One (F1) Composite Wing in the Presence of Ground Effect

Bang

Rana

Könözsy

et al. 2022

Fluids

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This research paper focuses on a novel coupling of the aerodynamic and structural behaviour of a double-element composite front wing of a Formula One (F1) vehicle, which was simulated and studied for the first time here. To achieve this goal, a modified two-way coupling method was employed in the context of high performance computing (HPC) to simulate a steady-state fluid-structure interaction (FSI) configuration using the ANSYS software package. The front wing plays a key role in generating aerodynamic forces and controlling the fresh airflow to maximise the aerodynamic performance of an F1 car. Therefore, the composite front wing becomes deflected under aerodynamic loading conditions due to its elastic behaviour which can lead to changes in the flow field and the aerodynamic performance of the wing. To reduce the uncertainty of the simulations, a grid sensitivity study and the assessment of different engineering turbulence models were carried out. The practical contribution of our investigations is the quantification of the coupled effect of the aerodynamic and structural performance of the wing and an understanding of the influence of ride heights on the ground effect. It was found that the obtained numerical surface pressure distributions, the aerodynamic forces, and the wake profiles show an accurate agreement with experimental data taken from the literature.

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“…Several shape variations of the flap causing reduction in the maximum deflection are identified and used in an optimisation loop to determine a flap design with minimum displacement. Similarly, Patil et al [30] used a two-way weakly coupled method to simulate an FSI model of a chin spoiler around the airflow. The local and global flow field changes due to the interaction between them and its effect on vehicle drag was discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeroelastic Analysis of a Single Element Composite Wing in Ground Effect Using Fluid–Structure Interaction

Bang

Rana

Könözsy

et al. 2022

Journal of Fluids Engineering

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The present work focuses on an advanced coupling of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and structural analysis (FEA) on the aeroelastic behaviour of a single element inverted composite wing with the novelty of including the ground effect. The front wing of the Formula One (F1) car can become flexible under the fluid loading due to elastic characteristics of composite materials, resulting in changing the flow field and eventually altering overall aerodynamics. The purpose of this study is to setup an accurate fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modelling framework and to assess the influence of elastic behaviour of the wing in ground effect on the aerodynamic and structural performance. Different turbulence models are studied to better capture the changes of the flow field and variation of ride heights are considered to investigate the influence of ground effect on aerodynamic phenomena. A steady-state two-way coupling method is exploited to run the FSI numerical simulations using ANSYS, which enables simultaneous calculation by coupling CFD with FEA. The effect of various composite structures on the wing performance is extensively studied concerning structure configuration, ply orientation and core materials. The numerical results generally represent good agreement with the experimental data, however, discrepancy, especially in the aerodynamic force, is presented. This may be consequence of less effective angle of attack due to the wing deflection and deterioration of vortex-induced effect. For the structural analysis, the woven structure gives rise to more stable structural deflection than the unidirectional structure despite the associated weight penalty.

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Fluid Structure Interaction Simulations Applied to Automotive Aerodynamics

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Fluid-Structure Interaction on The Design of Fully Assembled Shell Eco-Marathon (SEM) Prototype Car

Fluid-Structure Interaction on The Design of Fully Assembled Shell Eco-Marathon (SEM) Prototype Car

Numerical Investigation and Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) Analysis on a Double-Element Simplified Formula One (F1) Composite Wing in the Presence of Ground Effect

Aeroelastic Analysis of a Single Element Composite Wing in Ground Effect Using Fluid–Structure Interaction

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