Fluid phase equilibria of binary and ternary mixtures of supercritical carbon dioxide with tetradecanoic acid and docosane up to 43 MPa and 393 K: cosolvency effect and miscibility windows

Fluid phase equilibria of (carbon dioxide + a 1-alkanol+ an alkane) up to 100 MPa andT=393 K: cosolvency effect, miscibility windows, and holes in the critical surface

“…In the 1980s and 1990s, systematic investigations on cosolvency were undertaken by Schneider et al (8,9,14,15,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27) on (carbon dioxide + 1-alkanol + alkane) and (carbon dioxide + carboxylic acid + alkane), where for the first time cosolvency effects were found by Hölscher (23) in (carbon dioxide + 1-dodecanol + hexadecane). Using isobaric measurements, Spee (25) found a miscibility window opened to the alkane-rich side in (carbon dioxide + 1-dodecanol + hexadecane).…”

“…In contrast to this behaviour, a ternary system showing a poorer solubility compared with the binary border systems (A + B) and (A + C), is called an island system. (7) Cosolvency effects can give rise to a closed homogeneous region, a so-called miscibility window, completely surrounded by heterogeneous states in an isobaric T (w red c ) diagram where w red c is the solvent-free or reduced mass fraction of component C defined by: (8,9) …”

“…In extensive studies by Kordikowski, (19,20,26) Pöhler, (8,9,21) and Scheidgen (8,14,15,27) on (carbon dioxide + 1-alkanol + alkane) the chain lengths of 1-alkanol and alkane were systematically shortened. The results of these investigations are interconnected, and the state of the art in the field of cosolvency in which the present study fits, can be stated as follows.…”

Phase behavior and density of polysulfone in binary fluid mixtures of tetrahydrofuran and carbon dioxide under high pressure: Miscibility windows

“…iscibility windows and islands are relatively new phase behaviors that have been receiving more attention in recent years 1–7. These phenomena are usually explained by cosolvency effects; that is, a mixture of components B and C has better solubility in A than B or C alone.…”

“…Most earlier studies have been concerned with fluid mixtures and not systems containing polymers. Schneider and coworkers1–4 conducted several systematic studies and reported on the cosolvency effects and miscibility windows and islands of ternary systems with carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), 1‐alkanol, and alkane. Wolf and coworkers5–7 studied the cosolvency of one polymer (e.g., polystyrene) in two solvents (e.g., acetone and diethyl ether), finding that a mixture of two nonsolvents could make a good solvent for a polymer.…”