“…The details surrounding the process of platelet activation, adhesion and aggregation can be found in Lasslo (1984), Yamazaki and Mustard (1987) and Anthony Ware and Coller (1995). Macroscopic studies of platelet adhesion, deposition and thrombus formation in annular flow chambers Baumgartner (1973) (or in the stagnation point flow chamber (Affeld et al (1995)) have shown that the rate and extent of platelet adhesion, platelet deposition and platelet thrombus (or mural thrombus) formation are affected by the flow conditions (shear rates) (Weiss et al, 1978;Tschopp et al, 1979;Turitto and Baumgartner, 1979;Turitto et al, 1980; see also Alevriadou et al (1993) for the effect of flow conditions on vWF mediated platelet aggregation), the presence of citrate , and surface properties (Baumgartner et al, 1976;Baumgartner, 1977; see also Hubbell and McIntire, 1986). Platelet activation itself (Kroll et al, 1996;Christodoulides et al, 1999), and sometimes lysis, is known to occur in response to prolonged exposure to high shear stresses (Wurzinger et al, 1985).…”