Fluid intelligence and executive functioning more alike than different?

Aken, Loes van; Kessels, Roy P. C.; Wingbermühle, Ellen; Veld, William M. van der; Egger, J.I.M.

doi:10.1017/neu.2015.46

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although intelligence and executive functions are distinct constructs, aspects of intelligence, such as fluid intelligence, are highly correlated with executive functioning, and impairments in both constructs result from injury to the same brain regions. 96 As a result, some authors fail to distinguish higher-level executive functions from fluid intelligence. 96 In the present study, the lack of mediation in the moderate TBI group likely reflects the more limited effects of such injuries on neuropsychological skills and adaptive functioning, producing relatively weak associations between these domains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…96 As a result, some authors fail to distinguish higher-level executive functions from fluid intelligence. 96 In the present study, the lack of mediation in the moderate TBI group likely reflects the more limited effects of such injuries on neuropsychological skills and adaptive functioning, producing relatively weak associations between these domains. In support of this possibility, studies of typically developing children have also found weak associations between cognitive measures and adaptive functioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Neuropsychological Profiles and Their Role as Mediators of Adaptive Functioning after Traumatic Brain Injury in Early Childhood

Treble‐Barna

Zang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Journal of Neurotrauma

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The objectives of the study were to characterize long-term neuropsychological outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI) sustained during early childhood, and determine whether identified neuropsychological impairments mediated the effect of TBI on long-term adaptive functioning. Participants included 16 children with severe TBI, 42 children with moderate TBI, and 72 children with orthopedic injuries (OI) sustained between ages 3 and 7 years. Children completed neuropsychological tests and caregivers completed a structured interview of child adaptive functioning at 6.9 (±1.10) years post-injury. Profile analysis and multiple mediator modeling were employed. Children with severe TBI demonstrated poorer fluid reasoning and inhibitory control than both children with moderate TBI and OI, as well as slower processing speed than the OI group. Both fluid reasoning and processing speed were significant independent mediators of the effect of severe TBI on adaptive functioning. No neuropsychological measure significantly mediated the effect of moderate TBI on adaptive functioning. Children sustaining early severe TBI demonstrate persisting neuropsychological impairments into adolescence and young adulthood. The impact of severe TBI on children's long-term adaptive functioning is mediated in part by its effects on fluid reasoning and processing speed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Neuropsychological Profiles and Their Role as Mediators of Adaptive Functioning after Traumatic Brain Injury in Early Childhood

Treble‐Barna

Zang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Journal of Neurotrauma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A number of authors have tried to unify intelligence and neuropsychological assessment based on the CHC model [58,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. For example, Jewsbury et al [65] showed that popular neuropsychological EF tests were subsumable under CHC broad cognitive abilities based on factor analytic methods, although particular EF tests were related to distinct CHC constructs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta-Analysis of Relationships between Measures of Wisconsin Card Sorting and Intelligence

et al. 2019

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The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) represents a widely utilized neuropsychological assessment technique for executive function. This meta-analysis examined the discriminant validity of the WCST for the assessment of mental shifting, considered as an essential subcomponent of executive functioning, against traditional psychometric intelligence tests. A systematic search was conducted, resulting in 72 neuropsychological samples for the meta-analysis of relationships between WCST scores and a variety of intelligence quotient (IQ) domains. The study revealed low to medium-sized correlations with IQ domains across all WCST scores that could be investigated. Verbal/crystallized IQ and performance/fluid IQ were indistinguishably associated with WCST scores. To conclude, the WCST assesses cognitive functions that might be partially separable from common conceptualizations of intelligence. More vigorous initiatives to validate putative indicators of executive function against intelligence are required.

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“…). Furthermore, factor analytic studies have demonstrated that the Matrix Reasoning subtest loads with other tests of executive functions, such as the WCST and the Stroop test (van Aken, Kessels, Wingbermühle, van der Veld,& Egger, 2016;van Aken et al, 2014). In an adult sample, the split-half reliability of the…”

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confidence: 99%

The Relations Among Stress, Executive Functions, and Harsh Parenting in Mothers

Park

Johnston

2020

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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Stress is a common experience in most mothers' lives, and theoretical models posit that mothers' experience of stress may spillover into their parenting behaviours. However, individual factors, such as maternal executive functioning (EF) skills, may buffer the association between stress and parenting. Research has examined these associations using correlational designs with socioeconomic status (SES) and household chaos used as indicators of stress, and has demonstrated inconsistent patterns with regard to the moderating role of EF. The first aim of this study was to replicate previous findings by examining how maternal EF moderates the association between SES and household chaos, and harsh parenting. Furthermore, because correlational research designs preclude the ability to make causal inferences about the effects of stress on parenting, the second aim of this study extended existing research by investigating the effects of experimentally induced stress on harsh parenting behaviours and whether maternal EF moderates these effects. The second aim also investigated these questions in relation to childblaming attributions. To accomplish these aims, a sample of 104 mothers with children (6-10 years old) participated in a laboratory-based study. Mothers completed measures that assessed their EF skills, household chaos, SES, and harsh parenting behaviours. Additionally, mothers were randomly assigned to either a stress group, where they performed a speech in front of a panel of judges, or a control group. Following the stress (or control) induction, mothers rated their child-blaming attributions and harsh parenting behaviours in response to vignettes of common child misbehaviours. Findings from the first aim revealed an interaction between household chaos and EF (assessed with cognitive tasks), such that greater EF skills reduced the association between household chaos and harsh parenting behaviours. However, findings from the second aim indicated no significant effects of experimentally induced stress on child-blaming This study was approved by the Behavioural Research Ethics Board at the University of British Columbia (Approval Certificate Number: H17-02560).

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Fluid intelligence and executive functioning more alike than different?

Cited by 48 publications

References 37 publications

Long-Term Neuropsychological Profiles and Their Role as Mediators of Adaptive Functioning after Traumatic Brain Injury in Early Childhood

Long-Term Neuropsychological Profiles and Their Role as Mediators of Adaptive Functioning after Traumatic Brain Injury in Early Childhood

A Meta-Analysis of Relationships between Measures of Wisconsin Card Sorting and Intelligence

The Relations Among Stress, Executive Functions, and Harsh Parenting in Mothers

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